ʻO nā meaʻeha o ka māla, ka māla a me ka home: nā'ōpala liʻiliʻi - nui ka pōʻino

ʻO wai nā mea ʻino

Wahi a Wikipedia, he holoholona ka pest e hoʻopōʻino i ke kanaka, kona olakino, ka nui a i ʻole ka maikaʻi. Eia kekahi, hiki ke ʻokoʻa loa ka pōʻino, e like me nā huahana i hōʻino ʻia a i ʻole ka pōʻino waiwai.

Aia nā ʻano pests ʻokoʻa e hānai i kekahi ala a i ʻole a loaʻa i kā lākou makemake ponoʻī.

Hiki i nā pests ke ʻano he nui. ʻO kēia:

I mea e maʻalahi ai ka ʻike ʻana i ka mea nona ke ʻano, ua māhele ʻia lākou i loko kekahi mau subtypes.

1. Nā holoholona ʻaihue hiki ke hōʻeha i nā kānaka, nā holoholona a i ʻole nā ​​holoholona.
2. nā pest mahiʻai. Hoʻopilikia ʻia ka māla a me ka māla huaʻai.
3. ʻO Brownies a me nā pest barn e hōʻino i nā huahana a me nā waihona.
4. ʻO nā parasite i loaʻa ma ka uku o nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, ʻāpana a i ʻole ke ola holoʻokoʻa ma luna o lākou.

Nā mea ʻino mahiʻai

ʻO nā pests mahiʻai maʻamau he mau inike. Ua māhele ʻia lākou i kekahi mau pūʻulu.

Māhele ʻano

ʻElima mau ʻano nui o nā ʻano pest i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano genetically.

Nā mea kanu herbivorous a me kā lākou hana kūikawā

ʻAi nā pests i nā mea kanu i mahi ʻia a me nā mea kanu hihiu. Akā, aia kā lākou mau meaʻai ponoʻī. ʻEkolu ʻano o ka huina:

1. Oligophages. Hānai lākou i nā mea kanu o nā ʻano like a me nā mea pili.
2. Monophages. Hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano meaʻai i makemake ʻia.
3. Polyphages. ʻO ka poʻe e hānai ana i nā hui like ʻole a me nā ʻano mea kanu.

Hoʻokomo pū lākou i kahi hoʻohālikelike i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka meaʻai me nā ʻāpana a me nā ʻāpana o ka mea kanu:

Nā hui pest

Aia he 14 mau pūʻulu nui o nā pests, ʻo ia hoʻi kahi kokoke i nā pepeke āpau. I loko o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia, aia kekahi mau holoholona ʻino e noho nei a maʻamau ma ka ʻāina o ka Russian Federation a me nā mea e puni ana.

Ma kahi kaʻawale, pono e ʻike i nā pest quarantine. He mau ʻano ʻokoʻa kēia i loaʻa i kekahi mau wahi wale nō. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono, hoʻonui lākou i ko lākou laulā.

ʻO nā ʻupena hale a me nā mite

Mite.

He mau pest kēia e noho kokoke ana i ke kanaka, i loko o ka hale, hale hale a me ka lumi ʻauʻau. Hana lākou i nā pōʻino nui:

• hōʻino i ke olakino;
• nahu holoholona;
• hao i nā lāʻau;
• hoʻopōʻino i nā lako a me nā hale.

holoholona pests

Aia kēia pūʻulu i nā parasite e komo i loko o ke kino o ka holoholona ponoʻī a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea lawe i nā maʻi. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia ke kamaʻilio me nā ʻelele o kēia hui i nā holoholona, ​​akā ʻaʻole hiki mau ka maʻi. ʻO nā mea e pāʻani i ke kuleana koʻikoʻi:

• ʻano holoholona;
  

  ʻO Gadfly.

• kona mau makahiki;
• ʻano pāpaʻi
• helu pest;
• pale kino;
• pilina hoʻokipa-parasite.

Pests kanaka

Aia i loko o kēia pūʻulu nā iniseti a me nā holoholona e hoʻomake a lawe i nā maʻi. Nui loa kēia ʻano a loaʻa nā hui he nui:

1. Ma ke kino kanaka. ʻO kēia nā ʻano ʻokoʻa a pau, ʻoki a me nā pedicles. Noho mau lākou ma ke kino o ke kanaka.
   

   Lele.

2. hoa hale. Loaʻa kēia i nā ʻauʻau a me nā ʻōpala moe. Hānai lākou i nā holoholona koko mahana, hiki ke hoʻololi i nā pūʻali, a noho kokoke, akā ʻaʻole pololei ma luna o ka mea hoʻokipa.
3. pili me ke kauhale. ʻO kahi hui nui o nā iniseti e noho pū ana me nā kānaka ma nā hale pilikino, nā kūlanakauhale a me nā kauhale. He nalo keia, namu, namu.
4. Mai ke kaiapuni waho. ʻO kēia nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "gnats", nā pepeke e hoʻouka i nā kānaka a me nā holoholona ma ke ākea. Ma kēia ʻāpana: nalo, midges, ticks, namu, nā lio.

Nā laʻana o nā pests ma ke ʻano meaʻai

E noʻonoʻo, no ka laʻana, he mau pūʻulu pepeke ma ke ʻano meaʻai.

Nā ʻano hana ʻino

Koho wale ʻia nā ʻano hana kūikawā ma hope o ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka iniseti. Akā aia kekahi mau ala maʻamau.

1. Agrothenic. Nā ʻenehana e kōkua i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka huahana o nā mea kanu.
2. Immunological. ʻO ke kanu ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano kūʻē i nā maʻi a me nā pest.
3. Kumukanu. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā microorganism pathogenic a me nā mea ʻaihue.
4. Kemika. ʻO kēia nā pesticides a me nā mea ʻawaʻawa e hoʻopau ai i nā iniseti.
5. Biotechnical. ʻO nā ala e hōʻemi ai a hoʻopau loa i ka hiki ke hānau keiki o ka pest.
6. Ke kuhikuhi. Nā ʻano o ka ʻohi ʻana a me ka hopu ʻana, me ke kōkua o nā mīkini liʻiliʻi a me nā lima.

Nā hana kūpono

ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka pale ʻana iā ʻoe iho, kou home a me kou ʻohana mai ke komo ʻana o nā malihini makemake ʻole ma mua o ka hoʻopau ʻana iā lākou ma hope. Aia kekahi mau hana pale maʻalahi.

1. Ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻemaʻe ma ka hale a ma ke kahua. Hoʻopili kēia i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ke kahua mai ka mauʻu, nā hale mai nā ʻōpala a me nā kumu pilikia.
   

   ʻOhi ʻana i nā iniseti ʻino.

2. Nā hana palekana. I ka haʻaleleʻana no keʻano, pono e hoʻohana i nā mea pale, ma ka māla a ma ka māla pū kekahi.
3. Hoʻomākaukau home. No ka paleʻana i nā'ōpala mai ke komoʻana i ka hale, ponoʻoe e pani i nā māwae, hāʻawi i ka ventila a me ka hōʻiliʻili'ōpala.
4. Palekana pūnaewele. ʻO ke kaiāulu kūpono, ka ʻohi ʻōpala, ka mālama ʻana i nā lua compost i mea e pale ai i ka ʻike ʻana o nā inike.
5. Kāohi. Inā hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka māla, keʻokeʻo, hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka ʻoki ʻana, e hōʻemi wale ia i ka heluna kanaka.

hopena

ʻO nā pepeke ʻino kekahi ʻāpana o ke ʻano a me nā hoalauna mau o nā kānaka. Akā, pilikia lākou inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia ka heluna kanaka. Pono e nānā i kā lākou helu a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ke komo ʻana i loko o ke ola o ka poʻe a hoʻāʻo e noho pū me lākou me ka liʻiliʻi e hiki ai, e pale ana i kou home a me kāu pūnaewele.