ʻO nā ʻōpala i ka māla: 5 mau ala e hoʻopau ai iā lākou
I ke kau mahana i loko o nā kīhāpai a me nā moena māla, ua piha ke ola. Ma ka lewa, ma ka honua a ma lalo o ka lepo, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka nui o nā mea ʻokoʻa like ʻole, a ʻo ka pilikia ʻo ka hapalua o lākou he mau pests. Ma waena o kēia mau pests, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā māla ʻike ʻole i ka poʻe i hiki ke lilo i mea pōʻino, no ka laʻana, nā ʻūhini.
Nā mea
He mea pono anei ke kaua i ka uhini
Nui nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ka ʻohana ʻūhini a ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou he mau mea ʻaihue. ʻO ka ʻai ʻana o kēia mau inike he mau mea ʻē aʻe, e like me:
- enuhe;
- aphid;
- lelelele;
- ʻūhini liʻiliʻi;
- Nā pīkī Colorado.
ʻūhini maʻamau.
I kekahi manawa, me ka nele o ka meaʻai protein, hiki i nā ʻūhini ke hele i ka cannibalism. ʻO ke ʻano lokoino paha, hauʻoli kēia mau ʻupena nani e ʻai i kā lākou mau hoa nāwaliwali inā pono.
Hoʻololi nā ʻano ʻūhini i kanu i ka meaʻai me ka loaʻa ʻole o nā kumu meaʻai ʻē aʻe.
He mau mea ʻai nā ʻūhini
Ma waho aʻe o nā ʻūhini predatory, aia kekahi mau herbivores. Ma ke ʻano o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole a me ka helu o nā kānaka, ua haʻahaʻa loa lākou i ko lākou mau hoa. I loko o nā kīhāpai a me nā kīhāpai, ʻaʻole maʻamau lākou, a he liʻiliʻi wale nō nā ʻano mea i manaʻo ʻia he mau pest maoli.
Eia nō naʻe, inā hoʻohālikelike mākou i nā pōmaikaʻi i lawe ʻia e nā ʻūhini predatory, a me nā pōʻino i hana ʻia e nā herbivores, a laila hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo palekana he ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻūhini ma mua o nā pests.
Pehea e hoopau ai i ka uhini
ʻūhini herbivore.
Inā ʻike ʻia nā ʻūhini herbivorous ma ka pūnaewele a hoʻomaka e hoʻopau i ka hua e hiki mai ana, a laila pono maoli ke hoʻomaka e hakakā i kēia mau iniseti. ʻO ka mea nāwaliwali loa, aia lākou ma ka pae o nā larvae a hua paha.
ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana me nā pākeke, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke lele wikiwiki ma kahi lōʻihi a ʻoiai ʻoe e hoʻoponopono i ka moena a lākou i paʻi ai, aia paha lākou ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ka pūnaewele.
Nā ʻano hoʻomalu olaola
ʻO ke ala ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka palekana o ke kaiapuni, ʻo ia ka huki ʻana i nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o kēia mau inike i ka pūnaewele.
He ʻokoʻa nā ʻenemi like ʻole o nā ʻūhini i ka nahele, me nā ʻiniko ʻē aʻe, nā manu, a me nā haʻani.
microsporidia
ʻO Microsporidia nā haʻani protozoan e hoʻopā i ke kino o nā ʻūhini. Komo lākou i loko o ke kino o kahi pepeke ma ka pae cellular a alakaʻi i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi he nui a hiki i ka make o ka holoholona.
He mea pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia no nā manu e hānai ana i nā iniseti maʻi, ʻaʻole pilikia ka microsporidia.
Ma nā hale kūʻai kūikawā, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka bran i mālama ʻia me nā spores microsporidia.
I mea e hoʻokō ai ka parasite i kāna hana, ua lawa ia e kāpīpī i ka bran ma nā moena. I ka wā e hui ai ka ʻūhini me lākou, komo nā ʻōpuʻu i kona kino a hoʻomaka e hana.
ʻO ka pono o kēiaʻano ma kahi kiʻekiʻe loa. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka hiki i ka poʻe maʻi ke hoʻopili i kā lākou mau hoa olakino. Ma muli o kēia, hiki i nā ʻūhini liʻiliʻi ke hoʻopili me ka haʻuki hiki ke hoʻopili i 3 a 10 mau inike ʻē aʻe.
moa
ʻO ka moa kahi ala e hoʻopau ai i nā ʻūhini.
E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ʻaneʻane makemake nā manu a pau i ka ʻai ʻana i nā pepeke a ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa nā ʻano ʻano home. ʻO nā hoa pili pono i ka hakakā ʻana i ka hoʻouka ʻana o nā ʻūhini hiki ke:
- moa;
- nā ʻūlū;
- manu guinea.
O ka Alii i ka liʻiliʻi ʻO ia ʻano hana he pilikia nui, me nā ʻūhini, hiki i nā mea kanu i loko o nā moena ke pilikia ma muli o nā manu, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. me - He mea hoʻomomona lepo maikaʻi kēia me nā mea ʻōpala o nā manu.
Nā ʻenemi o nā ʻūhini i ka nahele
I ke kaiapuni maoli, ua komo nā ʻūhini i ka ʻai o nā holoholona he nui:
- nā pepeke ʻaihue;
- nā ʻiole;
- nā rana;
- manu hihiu.
No ka ho'ēmiʻana i ka nui o nā'ōpalaʻino, pono e huki i kēia mau holoholona i ka pūnaewele. Hiki ke hana i kēia ma ke kau ʻana i nā mea hānai kūikawā a puni ka perimeter.
Hoʻohana i nā kemika
Inā nui ka nui o nā ʻūhini a hiki ʻole ke hoʻokō iā lākou me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ala ʻē aʻe, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ke kōkua o nā insecticides. He ākea ka laulā o nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā ma ka mākeke. ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa ma waena o lākou:
- Karbofos;
- Decis;
- Nemabakt;
- Anthony.
ʻO ka hemahema nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā insecticides, ʻo ia ka hopena o nā pepeke pono, e like me ka meli meli.
Hoʻoponopono Folk
No ka poʻe kūʻē i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kemika, he nui ka nui o nā ʻano loina no ka mālama pest. ʻO nā mea maʻalahi a maikaʻi loa i waena o lākou:
- ka pipi ʻana me ka infusion o ke kālika a me ke kopa holoi;
- ka mālama ʻana me ka decoction o wormwood;
- kāpīpī i ka lepo ma luna o nā moena me kahi hui maloʻo o ka lepo paka a me ka ʻulaʻula lepo.
Kāohi i ke ʻano o nā ʻūhini ma ka pūnaewele
I ʻole e hana i nā ʻūhini a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe i loko o nā moena, ua lawa ka hahai ʻana i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i kā lākou hoʻouka ʻana:
- e wehe i nā nahele i ka manawa kūpono;
- e waiho i kekahi mau hale manu i loko o ka māla a waiho mau i nā meaʻai no nā mea kōkua hulu i loko o lākou;
- i kēlā me kēia hāʻule, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka pūnaewele mai nā puʻu ʻōpala, nā ʻōpala kahiko a me nā lāʻau, no ka mea he wahi punahele lākou no nā pests;
- ma ka liʻiliʻi i nā manawa he nui i ka wā, e hana i ka pale ʻana i nā mea kanu.
hopena
ʻAʻole hoʻopilikia pinepine nā ʻōpala i nā mea kanu i loko o nā moena, a ma mua o kou hoʻomaka ʻana e hoʻopau iā lākou, pono ʻoe e hōʻoia i ka hewa. E like me ka hōʻike ʻana i ka hana, hoʻopiʻi pinepine ʻia nā ʻūhini me ka pono ʻole a he mea hiki ke hoʻopau iā lākou e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūlana.
ʻO mua