ʻO ka moth mining: pehea e hoʻopau ai ka pepeke i nā kūlanakauhale holoʻokoʻa

ʻO ka miner lau chestnut ka pest nui o kekahi o nā mea kanu kaulana loa i nā paka kūlanakauhale ma nā ʻāina ʻEulopa, ʻo ka chestnut lio. Hoʻopau ka Ohrid miner i nā lau, kahi e hōʻeha ʻole ai i nā mea kanu. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hakakā ʻana i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

He aha ke ʻano o ka moth chestnut (kiʻi)

ʻO ka wehewehe a me ke ʻano

inoa: Moth Chestnut, Ohrid miner
ʻŌlelo Lākni: Cameraria ohridella

Papa: nā inike - Pepelu
pūʻulu: Lepidoptera - Lepidoptera
Kaʻohana: Moth moth - Gracillaridae

	Nā wahi noho:	he pua
	Pilikia no:	ʻekena lio
	Ke ano o ka luku:	kaʻina kanaka, kemika

Moth kaʻa.

Ua like ke ʻano o ka mea miner Ohrid makua me kahi pepeke liʻiliʻi - ka lōʻihi o ke kino - 7 mm, ka ʻēheu - a hiki i 10 mm. He ʻeleʻele ke kino, ʻike ʻia nā ʻēheu mua e kahi hiʻohiʻona motley a me nā laina keʻokeʻo ma kahi ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula, ʻo nā ʻēheu hope he hina hina.

Hoʻonani ʻia nā wāwae keʻokeʻo me nā kiko ʻeleʻele. Ua kapa ʻia ka ʻiniko he miner no ka hiki ke waiho i nā ʻāpana (mines) i nā lau.

'Ōlelo nā kānakaʻepekema moth mining Chestnut i ka ʻohana o nā moth, he ʻano pepeke hiki ke hoʻouka i ka ʻāina o nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka pōʻai hoʻomohala o ka pest he mau makahiki ʻelua mau makahiki, i ka wā e hiki ai i nā anuhe i puka mai mai nā hua ke luku i nā wahi nui o nā kanu lāʻau. A laila ma hope o 3-4 mau makahiki o ka mālie.

Po'ai ola

I kona ola ʻana, hele ka mole i 4 mau pae ola nui:

ʻO ka pōʻino o ka mu

Ua manaʻo ʻia ka ʻōpala kekahi o nā ʻano ʻano ʻino loa o ka moth, kahi e hoʻopau koke ai i nā lau ma luna o nā kumulāʻau.

Moth pōʻino chestnuts.

I ka wā, hoʻokō nā wahine o ka miner Ohrid e hāʻawi i 3 mau keiki. I ka ulu ʻana o ka enuhe ʻūheʻe i loko o nā ʻāpana mining, piʻi ka nui o ka nui o nā mea kanu i hoʻomoʻa ʻia. Ma nā lau, ʻike ʻia ka pōʻino ma ka pae 4-5 o ka hoʻomohala ʻana.

ʻO nā papa lau, ʻai ʻia e nā anuhe, uhi ʻia me nā ʻāpana ʻulaʻula, hoʻomaka e maloʻo a hāʻule. Ma muli o ka pōʻino nui o ka lau, ʻaʻohe manawa o nā kumulāʻau e hōʻiliʻili i nā meaʻai i ka wā, e alakaʻi ana i ka maloʻo o nā kumulāʻau chestnut a i ʻole ka maloʻo ʻana o ka nui o nā lālā i ka hoʻoilo.

I ka pūnāwai, ʻaʻole pua nā lau ma luna o ia mau lāʻau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea kanu nāwaliwali e hoʻouka ʻia e nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe (insects, fungi, etc.). Eia kekahi, ʻO ka moth miner chestnut ka mea lawe i nā maʻi viral, hiki ke hoʻopili i nā kumulāʻau a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe.

Ua ʻike ʻia ka lanakila nui e nā loea i nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo, kahi i kanu ʻia ai nā mea kanu no ke kanu ʻana i nā paka.

Ma nā paka o ʻEulopa (Kelemānia, Polani a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe), ʻo ka chestnuts ka ʻano nui i hoʻohana ʻia i nā paka ʻāina. Nalo nā lāʻau i pōʻino i ko lākou hopena a make i loko o kekahi mau makahiki.

ʻO ka pōʻino waiwai mai nā hana a ka moth chestnut a me ka hoʻololi hou ʻana o nā kumulāʻau me nā ʻano mea ʻē aʻe i ʻoi aku ka kūʻē ʻana i nā pests i manaʻo ʻia e nā loea ma ke kapikala Kelemania ʻo Berlin ma 300 miliona euros.

ʻO nā mea kanu i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka miner chestnut

ʻO nā mea kanu nui i hiki ke hoʻouka ʻia e ka moth chestnut, ʻo ia nā ʻōpala lio o nā ʻano pua keʻokeʻo (Kepanī a maʻamau). Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia kekahi mau ʻano o ka chestnuts (Chinese, Indian, California, etc.), no ka mea ma ko lakou mau lau, make na enuhe i ka wa mua o ka ulu ana.

Eia hou, Hoʻopiʻi ka moth chestnut i nā ʻano mea kanu ʻē aʻe, kanu ʻia i loko o nā hale kauwela a me nā paka o ke kūlanakauhale:

• nā maple nani (keʻokeʻo a me ka holly);
• huawaina kaikamahine;
• nā kumu lāʻau (roses, holly, rhododendron).

Nā hōʻailona o ka pōʻino a me ka pale ʻana

I loko o nā māla home, makemake nui nā mea nona e hoʻohana i nā ala e kōkua ai i ka pale ʻana i ka waiho ʻana o nā hua o ka chestnut leafminer a hōʻemi i kā lākou helu.

No ka pale ʻana i ka hana hou ʻana o nā pests, hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau ala:

• ke kāʻei ʻana i nā kumu lāʻau me nā kāʻei glue i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kauwela o nā lele;
• e kau ana i ka lipine adhesive a i ʻole nā ​​​​papa melemele i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka lei aliʻi, i hoʻopaʻa nui ʻia me ka glue Pestifix - kōkua kēia i ka hopu ʻana i nā moth i ke kauwela;
• ka ʻohi ʻana i nā lau hāʻule i ka hāʻule, kahi e peʻe ai nā pupae a me nā lele no ka hoʻoilo;
• ka mālama ʻana i nā kumu lāʻau me ka hoʻomākaukau insecticidal e luku i nā mea ʻino i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma lalo o ka ʻili no ka hoʻoilo;
• ka ʻeli hohonu ʻana o ka lepo ma ka pōʻai kokoke i ka ʻōpala o ka chestnuts ma kahi o ka liʻiliʻi o 1,5 lei aliʻi anawaena.

Pehea e hana ai me ka moth chestnut mining

Nui nā ala e hana ai me ka miner Ohrid: folk, chemical, biological and mechanical.

Nā hoʻoponopono Folk

Kapu ana i na mea kanu.

ʻO ke ʻano o ka poʻe e haʻalele i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pesticides, ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana i nā mea kanu chestnut i ka pae mua, i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai nā lele lele a puni nā kumulāʻau e waiho i kā lākou mau hua (ma Rūsia e hana ʻia kēia i Mei).

No ka hana ʻana i kēia, e hoʻohana i kahi hopena o Liposam bioadhesive, kopa ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka wai. Hoʻopili ʻia ka wai hopena ma nā kumulāʻau a me nā lālā o nā lāʻau, a me ka pōʻai kokoke i ke kumu o ka lepo i ka nui o 1,5-2 lei aliʻi diameters. Kōkua kēia ʻano hana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā pepeke ma ka hoʻopili ʻana i ko lākou mau ʻēheu. Ke paʻi ka hoʻonā, holo ka pepeke i ka lau a i ʻole ke kumu a make.

Kemika

Aia ke ʻano kemika i 2-3 hoʻokahi mālama lāʻau me nā hopena:

• nā lāʻau pesticides systemic (Aktara, Karate, Calypso, Kinmiks, etc.), kahi i hoʻohui ʻia ai nā mea ikaika o Agro-surfactant;
• nā lāʻau lāʻau hoʻopili-intestinal insecticides (Aktelik, Decis, Inta-vir, Karbofos, etc.) me ka hoʻohui o Agro-surfactant.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka mālama ʻana me nā kemika ma ke kāpīpī ʻana i nā lau chestnut a me ka lepo ma lalo o nā kumulāʻau i kēlā me kēia 2 pule i ke kau, hoʻomākaukau hoʻololi. Kōkua kēia i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka lilo ʻana o nā pests i mea hoʻohui i nā insecticides.

Nā mea olaola

Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau biologically active i ke kauwela a me ke kauwela. No ka hana ʻana, hoʻohana ʻia nā larvicides, ovicides, Bitobaxibacelin, Dimilin, Insegar (chitin synthesis inhibitors). ʻO kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻopili ai i ka hana ʻana o kahi membrane chitinous, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka make o nā pests i ka pae larval.

ʻO ke ʻano mechanical o ka pale ʻana, ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana i nā lei o nā kumulāʻau me kahi jet wai ikaika mai kahi hose, e hiki ai ke kīkēkē i nā iniseti i ka honua i ke kauwela.

He ʻenemi maoli nō hoʻi ka moth mining - ʻoi aku kēia ma mua o 20 mau ʻano manu maʻamau ma ʻEulopa. ʻAi nui lākou i nā ʻanuʻu a me nā pupae pest. ʻAi pū lākou i nā ʻōpala moth a me kekahi mau ʻano pepeke (nā popo, nā wasps, spiders, etc.).

ʻO ka moth miner chestnut he mea ʻino weliweli e hiki ke make i nā kumulāʻau. Nui kona pilikia no ka mea hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka maʻi ma luna o ka mea kanu ke hiki ʻole ke ola hou. A ʻo ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā moth ma nā ʻāina ʻEulopa e hōʻike ana i ka pono o nā hana wikiwiki e hoʻopakele i nā mea kanu hoʻonaninani i nā paka ākea a me nā māla.