Spider mite ma luna o nā kumulāʻau: pehea e hana ai me ka ʻāpala palaka weliweli a mālama i ka ʻohi
ʻO ka spider mite kekahi o nā mea ʻino e omo nei i ka wai mai nā lau ma luna o nā kumulāʻau o ka māla. Hiki ke hoʻouka ʻia nā kumulāʻau Apple e kēia tick, a ʻo ka ʻike ʻole ʻana i ka pest hiki ke alakaʻi i ka nāwaliwali o ka moʻomeheu a hiki i kona make ʻana. ʻAi ka ʻāpala mite i ka wai a hoʻopilikia pinepine i nā lau a me nā ʻōpio ʻōpio.
Nā mea
He aha ka spider mite
ʻO ka spider mite kekahi o nā mea ʻino weliweli, liʻiliʻi ka nui, akā e hoʻopōʻino ana i nā ʻano mea kanu he nui ma ke omo ʻana i ka wai mai nā lau. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka ʻike ʻana iā ia i ka wā mua o ka maʻi, akā hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo iā ia ma ka ʻike ʻana i ke ʻano o kona ʻano a me ke ʻano o kona waiho ʻana.
Hoʻopilikia ia i nā kumulāʻau, nā pua, nā mea kanu horticultural, nā mea kanu i loko a me nā mea i ulu i loko o nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke ʻano o ka hana a ka pest ma nā lau, ʻike ʻia kahi ʻūwī ʻupena lahilahi a me nā kiko ʻālohilohi ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna, nā wahi puncture, a ʻike ʻia nā parasite ʻulaʻula liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ke ʻano o ka parasite
No ka ʻohana arachnids ka tick, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wahine ma mua o ke kāne, ʻo ke kino he elliptical, convex mai luna mai, palahalaha ka lalo. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka wahine he 0,4-0,5 mm, ʻo ke kāne he 0,3-0,4 mm. He liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ʻikea, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻeleʻele paha ke kala me ʻelua mau wahi ʻeleʻele nui ma nā ʻaoʻao. He ʻalani-ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha nā wahine, he 4 mau wāwae o nā parasites makua, he 3 mau ʻāpana o nā ʻuala.
Po'ai ola
Po'ai ola.
Hāpai ka wahine i nā hua, kahi e puka mai ai nā maka ma hope o 3 mau lā. Ma hope o kekahi mau molts, ma hope o ʻelua ʻanuʻu o nā nymphs, lilo lākou i poʻe mākua.
Ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi, mai ke ʻano o nā larvae a hiki i nā pākeke e lawe mai 5 a 20 mau lā. Noho nā wāhine i nā pule he 2-4 a i kēia manawa hiki iā lākou ke waiho i nā haneli hua. I ke kau, ʻike ʻia nā hanauna 4-5 o nā ticks. Peʻe nā wahine ma nā papa luna o ka lepo a i ʻole ma nā māwae o nā kumu no ka hoʻoilo a noho ma laila a hiki i ka pūnāwai.
Hoʻomaka koke ka ʻāʻī i ka wā maloʻo a me ka wela a me nā mea kanu i hānai ʻia me nā mea kanu nitrogen.
Ma hea ʻoe e hui ai
Hiki ke loaʻa nā pests ma nā wahi a pau i loaʻa nā mea kanu. Noho ka spider mite ma nā wahi āpau koe wale nō ʻo Antarctica.
Nā hōʻailona o ke ʻano o kahi spider mite ma kahi lāʻau ʻāpala
I ka pae mua o ka maʻi o kahi lāʻau ʻāpala me kahi spider mite, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke ʻike. He liʻiliʻi loa nā larvae o kēia parasite, a ma luna o nā lau he mau kiko melemele māmā, nā wahi puncture. I ka wā lōʻihi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kiko ma nā lau, a ʻike ʻia kahi ʻupena cobweb ma luna o lākou, maloʻo lākou a hāʻule. He nui loa ka mākia a piʻi aʻe ko lākou helu i ka manawa. He mea nui e ʻike i nā parasite i ka manawa a hoʻomaka e hakakā iā lākou.
ʻO nā kumu nui o ka maʻi lāʻau
Hiki i nā spider mites ke loaʻa i nā kumulāʻau ʻāpala ma nā ʻano like ʻole:
- lawe ʻia nā ʻāʻī e ka makani mai nā wahi e pili ana, a hoʻouka pinepine i nā kumulāʻau nāwaliwali, ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā enuhe a i ʻole nā palapala ʻē aʻe;
- inā pili ka lāʻau nui i ka spider mite, a laila hiki ʻole ke hoʻopau loa iā ia, hiki i kēlā lāʻau ke kumu o ka maʻi no nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe;
- hiki i ka nahelehele ke kumu o ka ma'i.
No ke aha i pilikia ai ka spider mite no nā lāʻau ʻāpala
Hoʻomoʻi ka ʻāʻī i ka wai mai nā lau a me nā ʻōpuʻu ʻōpiopio, e hoʻopau ana i ke kaʻina o ka photosynthesis. Hoʻokomo maʻalahi nā maʻi fungal, viral a me ka bacteria ma o nā ʻiʻo i poino.
Hiki i nā lāʻau ʻāpala ʻōpiopio i pā ʻia e nā mite spider mite ke lohi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana, e hōʻemi ana nā kumu ʻāpala makua i ka huahana, a inā pili nui ka mite, make paha nā kumulāʻau.
ʻO ka hoʻomalu parasite kūpono
No ka hakakā ʻana i ka spider mite, hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole, akā pili ko lākou hopena i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ka nui o ka pōʻino i nā kumulāʻau a me ka maʻamau o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
Kemika
ʻOkoʻa nā ʻano kemika kūikawā no ka hakakā ʻana i nā ticks i ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka mea hana, ka ʻike a me ke ʻano o ka hana ma ka parasite.
ʻO nā mea hoʻomake insecticides
Hoʻohana nā mea kemika o kēia pūʻulu i nā ticks a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe he nui. ʻO nā lāʻau insecticides maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i nā pest lāʻau, me nā mites.
I ka hana ʻana i nā lāʻau ʻāpala me nā mea kemika, pono ʻoe e hahai i nā ʻōkuhi:
- hana i nā mea pale;
- e nānā i ka neʻe ʻana o nā haʻina a ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o ka helu hoʻohana;
- hana ʻia ka hana ʻana i ka wā mālie maloʻo.
I ka hoʻoulu ʻana, make nā mea ʻino he nui i ka manawa like, akā ʻo ka hemahema o kēia ʻano ka pollution kaiapuni a me ka make ʻana o nā iniseti maikaʻi.
Acaricides
Hoʻohana ʻia nā Acaricides e pepehi i nā mite a kau ʻia ma ka ʻili o nā lau. He lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka hana ʻana o kēia mau hoʻomākaukau ʻana, ʻo ia kahi ala maikaʻi e pale aku ai i ka hoʻoulu hou ʻana e nā mites. ʻAʻole pepehi ʻo Acaricides i nā iniseti e ʻai ana i nā mea ʻino kīhāpai.
Hoʻokumu ka spider mite i ke kū'ē i nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau, no laila ʻaʻole ʻōlelo ʻia e mālama iā ia i nā manawa he nui i ka lālani me ka mea hoʻokahi, pono ʻoe e hoʻololi iā lākou i ka wā.
ʻO nā lāʻau acaricidal kaulana loa i manaʻo ʻia e kekahi.
Nā mea hana olaola
ʻO kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau biologically kaulana ʻo Fitoverm. He mea ʻawaʻawa kēia mai nā hua ʻōpala o kekahi mau haʻi, e hana ana i ka ʻaʻa makua. Hoʻomaka ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kona hopena ma luna o nā pākeke ma kahi mahana o +18 decompose a ʻaʻole decompose ma +25 degere a ma luna, e like me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui.
Nā hana mahiʻai
ʻO nā mites wahine i ka hoʻoilo ma ka lepo, ma ka pōʻai kumu a ma nā māwae o ka ʻili. No laila, i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā lāʻau no ka hoʻoilo, pono ʻoe e hana i kēia mau hana:
- puhi i nā lau hāʻule;
- ʻoki i nā lālā māwae, maloʻo, maʻi;
- e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻili māwae;
- keokeo i ke kumu a me na lala iwi;
- e eli i ka poai kumu.
Hoʻoponopono Folk
ʻO ka waiwai o nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hakakā ʻana i nā ticks a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole lākou e pōʻino no ke kaiapuni a me nā iniseti maikaʻi. ʻO ke ʻano o ka poʻe e pili ana i ka spider mites he mea maikaʻi wale nō me ka liʻiliʻi o ka pōʻino.
| hoʻonā kālika | Hoʻohui ʻia ka 10 grams o ka peled a ʻokiʻoki ʻia i ka 50 lita o ka wai, koi ʻia no 3 mau lā, hoʻohui ʻia ke kopa holoi wai, hui ʻia, kānana. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia kahi lāʻau me kahi hopena hou i hoʻomākaukau ʻia mai luna a lalo i ka lau. |
| Decoction o ka henbane ʻeleʻele | He mea make loa ka mauʻu henbane hou, pono e hoʻomākaukau a hoʻohana pono i ka decoction. 2 kg o ka mauʻu hou e ninini ʻia me kahi bākeke wai, hoʻolapalapa ʻia no nā hola he nui, kānana a hoʻoponopono ʻia ka hopena i 10 lita, hana ʻia nā kumulāʻau. |
| Hoʻopaʻa | ʻO 100 grams o ke kopa tar e ʻoki ʻia a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o kahi bākeke wai. E noi i ka hopena i hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule. |
| Infusion pepa wela | 100 grams o ka pepa wela e ninini ʻia me ka lita o ka wai, lawe ʻia i kahi ʻeha, koi ʻia no kahi lā, kānana. No ka mālama ʻana i nā lāʻau ʻāpala, 8 grams o ka tincture i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i 1 lita o ka wai. |
| ʻili ʻonika | 200 grams o ka ʻili ʻala i ninini ʻia me kahi bākeke wai a koi ʻia no 1 hola, kānana a mālama ʻia me nā lāʻau i hoʻopili ʻia. |
| hoʻokomo ʻia o ke aʻa horseradish | 400 grams o nā aʻa horseradish ʻokiʻoki maikaʻi ʻia e ninini ʻia me kahi bākeke wai a hoʻomana ʻia no 2-3 mau hola, kānana a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma nā kumulāʻau. |
ʻenehana pale pest
No ka pale ʻana, a i ʻole ke ʻike ʻia nā ticks, mālama ʻia nā mālama māla mai ka pūnāwai a hiki i ka hāʻule. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūpono a me ka manawa kūpono e alakaʻi i nā hopena maikaʻi. No kēlā me kēia manawa, koho ʻia nā kemika kūpono.
- I ka mālama ʻana i nā kumulāʻau me nā kemika, pono e mālama pono. E hoʻohana i nā mea pale pilikino, e pale i ka pili ʻana me ka ʻili, nā maka o nā mea ʻawaʻawa.
- Pono e hoʻopā ʻia i ka wā maloʻo a mālie.
- E kāpīpī i nā huahana mai lalo i luna, no ka mea, aia nā mite ma ka ʻaoʻao lalo o nā lau.
- Hana ʻia ka hana ʻana i ke kakahiaka a i ke ahiahi paha.
- Ua pāpā loa ʻia nā keiki a me nā holoholona mai ka hana ʻana i ka māla.
- Holoi i ka maka a me nā lima me ke kopa ma hope o ka mālama ʻana.
I ka manawa e hana ai
He mea nui e nānā i ka manawa o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā kumulāʻau, ʻo ka nui o ka mea kanu a me ke kūʻē ʻana o nā mea kanu i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana ma luna o lākou.
Hana ʻia ka mālama mua ma hope o ka hoʻoilo ma mua o ka haki ʻana o ka pua, kahi e make ai nā ticks overwintered a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Ke piʻi koke ka mahana i +5 degere a ma luna, mālama ʻia nā kumulāʻau a me ka lepo a puni lākou me ke keleawe a i ʻole ka hao sulphate.
Hana ʻia ka lua o ka mālama ʻana ma hope o ka pua ʻana o nā lau, akā ma mua o ka pua. E noi i nā insecticides a i ʻole acaricides i loaʻa i nā māla.
Hiki ke kāpīpī i nā kumulāʻau me nā kemika ma hope o ke kau ʻana o nā hua. No ka hoʻoponopono ʻana, koho i nā insecticides a i ʻole acaricides ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia kau. Inā ʻoe e pīpī i nā manawa he nui i ka lālani me ka huahana like, maʻa nā mites iā ia.
Pono e ho'ōki i ka hana ʻana i hoʻokahi mahina ma mua o ka ʻohi ʻana i ka hua. Akā i nā hihia koʻikoʻi, me ka hoʻouka kaua nui, inā koi ʻia ka hana ʻana, e hoʻohana i nā hoʻomākaukau e hoʻoheheʻe koke a ʻaʻole e noho ma ka hua.
Ma hope o ka ʻohi ʻana, akā ma mua o ka hāʻule ʻana o nā lau, mālama ʻia lākou me ka keleawe sulfate, urea, a i ʻole nā mea lāʻau insecticide. I waiho ʻia nā kuʻi no ka hoʻoilo make.
ʻEhia mau manawa e pono ai ʻoe e mālama i nā lāʻau
I ka wā ulu, mālama ʻia nā lāʻau i ka pūnāwai, ma mua o ka puka ʻana o nā lau, ma hope o ka pua ʻana o nā lau, ma hope o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā ovaries, ma hope o ka ʻohi ʻana.
Akā i nā hihia koʻikoʻi, i ka wā i hōʻino ʻia ai nā kumulāʻau e nā pests, e hana pinepine ʻia ka mālama ʻana, no ka mea hiki i ka tick ke hana i nā hanauna 4-5 i ka manawa a hoʻopilikia nui.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ʻelua ala hakakā i ka manawa like, no ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
Nā manawa hana ma nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa
Hana ʻia ka hana ʻana i nā lāʻau i loko o ka māla i nā ʻāpana climatic like ʻole e noʻonoʻo i nā kūlana o ka wā. Ma nā ʻaoʻao hema o ka ʻāina, hoʻomaka ka hana ma ka māla, ma nā wahi ʻoluʻolu e hoʻololi ʻia nā lā. Pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mahana mahana i ka pūnāwai a me ka pua ʻana o nā lau, ka pua a me ka ʻohi hua.
Nā hana palekana
Hāʻawi nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ka māla i kahi hopena maikaʻi, ua luku ʻia nā maʻi he nui a me nā pests, a piʻi ka kūʻē ʻana o nā kumulāʻau apple. Hoʻomaka ka hana ma ka māla i ka puna a hoʻomau a hiki i ka hopena o ka hāʻule. ʻO nā hana pale ʻana he:
- ke oki a me ka pulupulu laau puna;
- ka lole luna;
- ka hana ma mua a ma hope o ka pua ʻana;
- hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā lau a ʻokiʻoki i nā lālā ʻino;
- ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe barela a me ka holoi keʻokeʻo;
- ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana a me ka ʻeli ʻana i ka pōʻai kumu.
Kūleʻa nā cultivars Apple i ka spider mites
ʻAʻole i hānai ʻia nā ʻano kumu lāʻau Apple e kūʻē i ka pōʻino o ka tick. Loaʻa i kekahi mau ʻano ʻano palekana maikaʻi, a ʻaʻole lākou i maʻalahi i ka hoʻouka ʻana. Akā hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka paʻa o nā mea kanu inā hāʻawi ʻia ka mālama maikaʻi: nā mālama pale ʻana i ka manawa, ka lole luna, ka hoʻoinu ʻana, ke ʻoki ʻana a me ka pale i ka hoʻoilo.
ʻO mua