Ma hea i hele mai ai nā ticks a no ke aha i loaʻa ʻole ai lākou ma mua: ka manaʻo kipi, nā mea kaua ola a i ʻole ka holomua ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻO ka mōʻaukala o ke ʻano o ka encephalitis tick

Ua manaʻo ʻia ua hiki mai ka tick i Rusia mai Iapana. Aia kekahi kuhiakau i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia e kūkulu ana nā Kepani i nā mea kaua olaola. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia, no ka mea ʻaʻole i hōʻoia ʻia e kekahi mea, akā ʻo ka Hikina Hikina ke alakaʻi mau nei i ka helu o nā hihia o ka encephalitis ticks, a hiki i ka 30% o ka poʻe maʻi i make.

ʻO ka haʻi mua ʻana o ka maʻi

Ua wehewehe mua ʻo A. G. Panov, he neuropathologist, i ka maʻi me ka encephalitis i ka makahiki 1935. Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo ia ke kumu o ka maʻi Kepani. Ua nānā lākou i kēia maʻi ma hope o ka huakaʻi o nā ʻepekema i ka ʻāina ʻo Khabarovsk.

E noiʻi i nā huakaʻi hikina mamao

Ma mua o kēia huakaʻi, ma ka Hikina Hikina, aia nā hihia o kahi maʻi ʻike ʻole i hoʻopilikia i ka ʻōnaehana nerve a loaʻa pinepine kahi hopena make. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo "toxic flu".

ʻO ka pūʻulu o nā ʻepekema i hele a manaʻo i ke ʻano viral o kēia maʻi, i lawe ʻia e nā kulu lewa. A laila ua manaʻo ʻia ua lawe ʻia ka maʻi ma o ka makika i ke kauwela.

ʻO kēia ma 1936, a hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai kahi huakaʻi ʻepekema ʻē aʻe i alakaʻi ʻia e L. A. Zilber, ka mea i hoʻokumu hou i kahi keʻena virological ma Moscow, ua hele i kēia wahi.

ʻO nā hopena i hana ʻia e ka huakaʻi:

• hoʻomaka ka maʻi ma Mei, no laila ʻaʻole ia he kau kau wela;
• ʻaʻole ia e hoʻouna ʻia e nā kulu lewa, no ka mea, ʻaʻole maʻi ka poʻe i launa pū me ka poʻe maʻi;
• ʻAʻole hiki i nā makika ke lawe i ka maʻi, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou e hana i ka mahina o Mei, a ua maʻi mua lākou i ka encephalitis.

Ua ʻike kekahi pūʻulu ʻepekema ʻaʻole kēia he encephalitis Japanese. Eia kekahi, ua hana lākou i nā hoʻokolohua ma nā monkey a me nā ʻiole, a lākou i lawe pū ai me lākou. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia lākou me ke koko, ka wai cerebrospinal o nā holoholona maʻi. Ua hiki i nā kānaka ʻepekema ke hoʻokumu i kahi loulou ma waena o ka maʻi a me ka nahu ʻana.

ʻEkolu mau mahina ka hana o ka huakaʻi ma nā kūlana kūlohelohe paʻakikī. ʻEkolu poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi pā. ʻO ka hopena, ua ʻike mākou:

• ke ano o ka mai;
• ua hōʻike ʻia ke kuleana o ka tick i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka maʻi;
• ma kahi o 29 mau maʻi o ka encephalitis i ʻike ʻia;
• hāʻawi ʻia kahi wehewehe o ka maʻi;
• hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Ma hope o kēia huakaʻi, ʻelua mau mea i hōʻoia i ka manaʻo o Zilber. Ma Moscow, ua hoʻomohala ikaika ʻia kahi lāʻau lapaʻau e kūʻē i kahi tick. I ka lua o ka huakaʻi, ua maʻi ʻelua mau kānaka ʻepekema a make, ʻo N. Ya. Utkin lāua ʻo N. V. Kagan. I loko o ke kolu o ka huakaʻi i ka makahiki 1939, ua hoʻāʻo ʻia kahi kano, a ua kūleʻa lākou.

Nā manaʻo a me nā kuhiakau o ke ʻano o nā ticks ma Rusia

No hea mai ka encephalitis, nui ka poʻe i hoihoi ma mua o ke kipa ʻana i nā huakaʻi. I kēia manawa, ua waiho ʻia kekahi mau mana.

ʻO nā manaʻo kipi: he mau mea kaua ka pliers

Ua manaʻo ka poʻe KGBist i ke kenekulia i hala ua hoʻolaha ʻia ka maʻi maʻi e ka poʻe Kepani ma ke ʻano he mea ola ola. Ua maopopo ia lakou e puunaueia ana na mea kaua e na Kepani i inaina ia Rusia. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole i make ka poʻe Kepani i ka encephalitis, malia paha i ia manawa ua ʻike lākou i ka mālama ʻana.

Kūlike ʻole i ka mana

ʻO ka like ʻole o kēia manaʻo ʻo ia ka poʻe Kepani i loaʻa i ka encephalitis, ʻo ka Saami kahi kumu nui o ka maʻi - ʻo ka mokupuni ʻo Hokkaido, akā i kēlā manawa ʻaʻohe make mai kēia maʻi. No ka manawa mua ma Iapana, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia kahi make mai kēia maʻi i ka makahiki 1995. ʻIke loa, ua ʻike mua ka poʻe Kepani i ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i kēia maʻi, akā no ka mea ua loaʻa lākou iā lākou iho, ʻaʻole paha lākou e lawe i ka "sabotage biological" i nā ʻāina ʻē.

genetic hou

ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā genetics ua hiki ke aʻo i ka hanana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka encephalitis i lawe ʻia i ka tick. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻae ka poʻe naʻauao. ʻO nā kānaka ʻepekema mai Novosibirsk, e kamaʻilio ana i kahi hālāwai kūkā ma Irkutsk, e pili ana i ka nānā ʻana o ka nucleotide sequence o ka maʻi, ua ʻōlelo ʻia ua hoʻomaka ia e laha mai ke Komohana a hiki i ka Hikina. ʻOiai ua kaulana ke kumumanaʻo o kona kumu Hikina Hikina.

ʻO nā kānaka ʻepekema ʻē aʻe, e pili ana i ke aʻo ʻana i nā kaʻina genomic, ua manaʻo ʻia ua puka mai ka encephalitis ma Siberia. ʻO nā manaʻo e pili ana i ka manawa i loaʻa ai ka maʻi maʻi ʻokoʻa loa i waena o nā ʻepekema, mai 2,5 a 7 tausani mau makahiki.

Nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa e pili ana i ke kumumanaʻo o ka hiki ʻana mai o ka encephalitis ma ka Hikina mamao

Ua noʻonoʻo hou nā ʻepekema e pili ana i ke kumu o ka encephalitis ma 2012. Ua ʻae ka hapa nui ʻo ke kumu o ka maʻi ʻo ka Hikina Hikina, a laila hele ka maʻi i Eurasia. Akā, ua manaʻo kekahi poʻe ua laha ka encephalitic tick, ma kahi ʻē, mai ke Komohana. Aia nā manaʻo i hele mai ka maʻi mai Siberia a laha ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua.

Lawe ʻia nā manaʻo i ka manaʻo o ka hiki ʻana o ka encephalitis ma ka Hikina Hikina ʻO nā huakaʻi a Zilber:

1. ʻO nā hihia o ka encephalitis ma ka Hikina Hikina i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e like me ka 30s o ke kenekulia i hala, ʻoiai ma ʻEulopa ka hihia mua i ʻike ʻia ma 1948 ma Czech Republic.
2. ʻO nā wahi ulu lāʻau āpau, ma ʻEulopa a me ka Hikina Hikina, he mau wahi kūlohelohe no nā parasites. Eia naʻe, uaʻikeʻia nā hihia mua o ka maʻi ma ka Hikina Hikina.
3. I ka makahiki 30, ua ʻimi ikaika ʻia ka Hikina Hikina, a ua hoʻonoho ʻia ka pūʻali koa ma laila, no laila ua nui nā maʻi o ka maʻi.

ʻO nā kumu o ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka encephalitis ticks i nā makahiki i hala

Ua ʻae ka poʻe ʻepekema ua noho mau nā ticks ma ka ʻāina o Rūsia. Ma nā kauhale, ua nahuʻia nā kānaka e nā mea koko, ua maʻi nā kānaka, akāʻaʻohe mea iʻike i ke kumu. Ua hoʻolohe wale lākou i ka wā i hoʻomaka ai nā koa i nā pūʻali koa ma ka Hikina Hikina e maʻi nui.

I kēia mau lā, ua nui nā mea i kākau ʻia e pili ana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ticks, a ʻaʻole lākou e noho wale i loko o nā ululāʻau, akā hoʻouka pū kekahi i nā kula, nā kūlanakauhale. ʻAʻole kēia he mea kupanaha, no ka mea, i ka hopena o ke kenekulia i hala, ua nui nā mea i loaʻa i nā ʻāpana home a me nā ticks i hoʻomaka e neʻe kokoke i nā kūlanakauhale.

Nā hana pale

1. I ka wā e hoʻolilo ai i ka manawa ma ke ʻano, ʻōlelo ʻia e komo i nā pants lōʻihi, ʻulaʻula, e hoʻopaʻa i nā wāwae i loko o nā soka i loaʻa i nā ticks kahi wahi ākea liʻiliʻi e hiki ai ke pili me ka ʻili. Ma nā lole māmā, hiki ke ʻike maikaʻi ʻia nā mite ʻeleʻele a wehe ʻia ma mua o ka hiki ʻana i ka ʻili.
2. Ma hope o ka hoʻolilo ʻana i ka manawa ma ke ʻano, pono ʻoe e nānā pono i nā ticks, ʻoiai e ʻimi pinepine lākou i kahi kūpono e nahu ai i ka ʻili no kekahi mau hola.
3. Inā nahu ʻia e ka mea hoʻokahe koko, pono e wehe koke ʻia. A laila pono ke nānā ʻia ka wahi nahu no kekahi mau pule, a inā ʻike ʻia kahi ʻulaʻula, pono e nīnau i ke kauka.
4. Ma nā wahi i nui aʻe ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi encephalitis i lawe ʻia i ka tick-borne, ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no nā poʻe a pau e hoʻolimalima manawa ma ke ʻano.
5. Ma waho o ia mau wahi, pono e hana ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e ke kauka inā hele a hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻike kanaka.