ʻO nā ʻoki liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi: ka pōʻino i nā holoholona a me nā kānaka, nā ʻano o ka unuhi ʻana a me nā ʻano pale i ka nahu

He aha ke ʻano o ka ʻeke ʻeleʻele?

ʻO ke ʻano o ka parasite e pili ana i kona ʻano, ka pae o ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka saturation me ke koko. Hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻano ʻano ʻano like ʻole o nā ʻōpala brown:

Loaʻa i nā ʻelele o kēia mau ʻano āpau nā hiʻohiʻona morphological maʻamau, akā ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēlā me kēia o lākou i kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa ma muli o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻepekema. Ma ka ʻatikala e kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i kahi ʻano ʻano ʻokoʻa - he ʻīlio ʻīlio ʻeleʻele.

Morphology

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o ka ʻīlio brown tick:

• he palahalaha ke ano o ke kino, he waimaka, he kiko i ka waha;
• ma ke poo ka nahu a me ka omo ana no ka ai;
• ʻeleʻele a ʻulaʻula paha ke kala o ke kino;
• ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 2-4 mm, ua hānai ʻia me ke koko, hoʻonui ka tick i ka nui e 10-15 mm;
• ʻaʻohe maka a ʻike ʻole ʻia;
• he 4 mau wāwae o ke kanaka makua.

Hiki iā lākou ke lele a lele paha

Māhele ʻāina

Laha ʻia kēia parasite ma nā ʻāina āpau. I Rusia, loaʻa pinepine ia ma ke kahakai ʻo Black Sea, Crimea, Western a me Eastern Transcaucasia. Mai nā ʻāina kokoke mai - ma Armenia, Turkmenistan. Noho pū ka pest ma Mediterranean, South Asia a me ʻAmelika.

Nā hiʻohiʻona meaʻai o nā inike

ʻOi aku ka makemake o ka brown tick e nahu i nā ʻelele o ke kauoha canine, akā naʻe, i ka loaʻa ʻole o kahi mea kūpono, hiki iā ia ke hoʻouka i ke kanaka. ʻO ka pili ʻana i ka ʻīlio, inu ka pest i ke koko no kahi o 8 mau lā, i kēia manawa a pau e noho ma kahi hoʻokahi.

Inā lilo ke kanaka i mea pōʻino, hoʻopili ʻo ia i kona kino no kahi lā.

Loaʻa i nā kuki kahi mea waha kūpono, aia nā chelicerae a me nā pedipalps. Me ke kōkua ʻana o nā pedipalps, ʻo ka insect i ka ʻili, ʻike ʻia nā chelicerae me kahi proboscis me nā notches. ʻAʻole ʻo ka hoʻokē ʻai lōʻihi e pale i nā mite predatory mai ke ola.

I ka loaʻa ʻole o ka meaʻai a ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole, hāʻule ka parasite i kahi kūlana o anabiosis, kahi hiki ke hōʻea a hiki i 3 mau makahiki.. Ma hope o ka inu ʻana i ke koko, hiki i ka ʻinikena ke hana hou a hoʻomohala.

Ka hana hou

He bisexual ka hānau ʻana, ua māhele ʻia nā kānaka i nā kāne a me nā wahine. Loaʻa i nā ʻōpio parasite kahi mea hoʻokipa a hoʻomaka i ka hānai a me ka male. Ma hope o ka saturation, haʻalele ka wahine i ke kino o ka mea hoʻokipa a hele i ka oviposition. ʻO ka helu o nā hua i waiho ʻia ma muli o ke ʻano o ka saturation o ka wahine me ke koko a me nā kūlana kūlohelohe. Ma ka awelika, hoʻohua kahi wahine i 200-1700 hua.

Ka hoʻolālā

He 63 mau lā ka pōʻaiapuni o ke ola o kahi tick. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, nā pae āpau o kona hoʻomohala ʻana, hele ka arachnid i ka ʻaʻahu o hoʻokahi ʻīlio a i hoʻokahi kennel ʻīlio. Nā ʻanuʻu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi ʻano brown:

Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia he pōʻino nō hoʻi ka larva a me ka nymph no nā holoholona a me nā kānaka, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke lawe i nā maʻi weliweli. Hoʻouka pinepine ʻia nā ʻōpala i hiki ʻole i ka pae o ke kanaka makua, ʻaʻole i ke kanaka.

ʻO nā ʻano ʻano pili morphologically

I ka nana aku, ua like loa ka ilio me Rhipicephalus rossicus a me Rhipicephalus bursa. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻelele o kēia mau ʻano e kahi pale dorsal ākea i ka wahine, e hana ana i kahi arc maʻamau. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o nā kāne he oblong-oval peritreme a me kahi kaʻina ākea, kūlou i ka ʻaoʻao hope.

No ke aha e pilikia ai nā ʻalani liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi?

ʻO ka pōʻino o kēia mau parasites aia i ka hiki ke lawe i nā maʻi lele a hoʻopili iā lākou ma o ka nahu ʻana. Eia hou, hiki i ka nahu ʻana o ka tick ke hoʻoulu i kahi hopena maʻi a hiki i ka haʻalulu anaphylactic.

Pehea e loaʻa ai i kahi kiko i ke kanaka

Piʻi ka ʻāʻī ma luna o nā lau mauʻu a me nā lāʻau haʻahaʻa. Ma laila lākou, e kīkoʻo ana i ko lākou mau wāwae mua, ke kali nei i kā lākou mea pio, hiki ke lilo i ʻīlio a me ke kanaka.

ʻAʻole hiki i ka pest ke lele mai kahi holoholona a i ke kanaka, akā hiki iā ia ke kolo i ka pūliki lōʻihi a i ʻole ka ʻīlio ma ka moena hoʻokahi me ke kanaka.

Nā lula wehe ʻana

Inā ʻike ʻia kahi palaka ʻeleʻele ma ke kino, pono e wehe koke ʻia - e hōʻemi kēia i ka hopena o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi maʻi. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, pono e hoʻopili i kahi keʻena olakino, akā inā ʻaʻole hiki kēia, pono ʻoe e hana iā ʻoe iho.

Pehea e huki ai i kahi kikoʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi

ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka algorithm no ka unuhi ʻana i kahi ʻīlio ʻīlio mai nā papahana no ka wehe ʻana i nā parasite like ʻole:

1. E hoʻomākaukau i kahi pahu me kahi poʻi paʻa i mea e hoʻokomo koke ai i ke koko koko i loko. He mea maikaʻi nō hoʻi e hoʻokomo i kahi ʻāpana pulupulu liʻiliʻi i hoʻomoʻu ʻia me ka wai ma laila.
2. E pale i ka ʻili mai ka hoʻopili ʻana me ka ʻili: e kau i nā mīkina lima lapaʻau, e uhi i kou manamana lima me nā ʻāpana gauze.
3. Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā tweezers, kahi mea hana kūikawā, a i ʻole kou manamana lima wale nō, e hopu i ka parasite kokoke i ka ʻili.
4. E ʻōwili mālie i ka māka ma kekahi ʻaoʻao a wehe. He mea nui e hana akahele, me ka hana ole i na nee hikiwawe.
5. E kau i ka insect i unuhi ʻia i loko o kahi pahu a pani i ka poʻi.
6. Hoʻopau i ka wahi nahu me kekahi antiseptic: hydrogen peroxide, waiʻona, iodine.

A laila, pono ʻoe e nānā i ka ʻeha: inā ʻike ʻia kahi kiko ʻeleʻele ma lalo o ka ʻili, a laila hele mai ke poʻo o ka tick a noho i loko o ke kino o ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia. I kēia hihia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo e wehe iā ia me kahi nila, e like me ka splinter. Inā ʻaʻole hiki, e hoʻopiha wale iā ia me ka iodine - ma hope o kekahi mau lā e hōʻole ke kino ponoʻī i ke kino haole.

nahu ʻeleʻele

Ma muli o ka paʻa ʻana i ke kino o ka holoholona, ​​​​hiki i ka pest ke inu i ke koko no 8 mau lā, ʻoiai ʻo ia e kū maoli i waho o ka ʻili. Hoʻemi liʻiliʻi ka manawa ma ke kino o ke kanaka: ma kahi o hoʻokahi lā. Aia paha ma laila inā pili i nā wahi i pale ʻia e ka lauoho. Inā ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ka māka, e hāʻule wale nō ia. I ka manawa like, e waiho ʻia kahi hōʻailona ma ke kahua o ka nahu me kahi lua i ʻike ʻia ma waena, ma kahi o kona poʻo.

Pehea a ma hea kahi e nahu pinepine ai ka tiki?

Loaʻa i nā Parasites ke ʻano o ka ʻala, ʻike lākou i ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia me ke kōkua o nā mea ʻike kūikawā. Ke hoʻokokoke mai ka holoholona a i ʻole ke kanaka, hoʻopuka ka pepeke i kona mau wāwae mua a pili i ka hulu a i ʻole ka ʻili. Makemake nā pests e nahu ma nā wahi ʻeleʻele a lahilahi ka ʻili. Nā wahi punahele no ka nahu holoholona:

• ʻōpū
• ʻāʻī;
• ʻāpana ʻāʻī;
• nā wāwae hope ma ka ʻūhā;
• pepeiao.

Ma luna o nā kānaka, loaʻa pinepine nā ticks:

• ʻāʻī;
• ka wahi ma hope o nā pepeiao;
• ʻaoʻao o loko o nā wāwae;
• ma lalo o nā kuli;
• ʻāpana ʻāʻī;
• ʻōpū
• ʻāʻī.

Loaʻa i ka saliva o ka parasite kahi enzyme i loaʻa ka hopena analgesic, no laila ʻaʻole i hoʻopilikia ka nahu a hele pinepine ʻole ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi.

He aha ka mea e hana ai ke nahu ʻia e ka ʻōpala

ʻO ka mea mua, pono e wehe koke i ka parasite a hoʻouna iā ia i ka hale hana no ka nānā ʻana. Inā ua lilo ke kanaka i mea hōʻeha i ke koko, pono ʻo ia e hoʻopili i kahi keʻena olakino.

E hāʻawi nā kauka i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e pili ana i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi me nā maʻi maʻi maʻi, inā pono, hiki ke kuhikuhi ʻia kahi papa immunoglobulin a me nā lāʻau antiviral.

Pono e kipa i ka haukapila i loko o 3 mau lā ma hope o ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka parasite. Pono e hōʻailona i ka lā o ka nahu ma ka kalena a nānā i ke kūlana o ke olakino no 21 mau lā.

Inā ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona weliweli, e like me ke kuni, nāwaliwali, ʻeha ʻiʻo, pono ʻoe e nīnau koke i ke kauka. Inā ua nahu ʻia ka holoholona, ​​​​e like nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo: pono ʻoe e hoʻokaʻaʻike aku i kāu kauka lapaʻau no nā ʻōlelo aʻo hou aʻe a hahai i nā pule he 3.

ʻO nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e ka ʻiʻo

ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia nā maʻi ʻeleʻele canine i nā maʻi maʻamau e like me ka encephalitis a me ka maʻi Lyme. Eia naʻe, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopili i nā maʻi ʻē aʻe:

1. Babesiosis (piroplasmosis). ʻO ka maʻi weliweli loa no nā ʻīlio. Komo ka maʻi i loko o ke koko ʻulaʻula a hoʻoulu i ka anemia nui. Ke alakaʻi pinepine i ka make. Nā hōʻailona hōʻailona: ke koko i loko o ka mimi, ka melemele o ka mucous membranes. Hōʻike pū ʻia iā ia iho ma ke ʻano o ka nāwaliwali, ka ʻole, ke kuni.
2. Anaplasmosis. Hoʻopili ka maʻi i nā platelets, ka hopena i ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke koko. Nā hōʻailona o waho o ka maʻi: lethargy, ke kuni, nele i ka ʻai.
3. Rickettsiosis (Marseilles fever). ʻO ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi me kēia mau hōʻailona: nā ʻili ʻili e like me ka roseola, ka pehu o nā lymph nodes, ke kuni. He pōʻino ka maʻi no ke kanaka.
4. ʻO ka maʻi hemorrhagic Crimean, i ʻike ʻia ʻo "Crimean disease". Hoʻomaka ka maʻi me ke kuni, kahi piʻi nui o ka mahana o ke kino. Hoʻopili ka maʻi i ka endothelium vascular, hoʻoulu i ka ihu, kahe koko. Hiki ke kahe ʻana o ka ʻōpū, kahi e hōʻino nui ai i ka wānana. Hoʻopilikia wale ka maʻi i ke kanaka.

ʻO nā ala e pale aku ai i nā ʻōpala

Nui nā huahana mālama pest ma ka mākeke i kēia lā. He kūpono lākou a pau a ʻaʻole pono e haʻalele ʻia i kā lākou hoʻohana.

Nā mea hoʻolele

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hana o nā repellents i ka hoʻokuke ʻana i nā iniseti me ke kōkua o nā mea ʻala maikaʻi ʻole iā lākou. Hoʻomākaukauʻia nā mea hoʻomākaukau ma keʻano o nā'ōpala, nā lotions, nā aerosol a me nā hamo. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hapa nui o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i nā wahi i ʻike ʻia o ke kino, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i nā lole a me nā mea hana. ʻO nā mea kaulana loa o lākou:

Acaricides

ʻO ka pinepine, hana ʻia nā hoʻomākaukau acaricidal ma ke ʻano o nā aerosol. ʻO nā mea hana ikaika, alfamethrin, cypermethrin, loaʻa i ka hopena nerve-paralytic ma ka tick, ʻo ia ka hopena o ka nalo ʻana o ka parasite i kona hiki ke neʻe a nalowale mai ka ʻili a i ʻole ka lole.

He mea make loa ka Acaricides, no laila ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia i nā wahi ākea o ke kino. Pono e hana ʻia nā lole me ke kau ʻole ʻana. ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa me ka hana acaricidal:

Hoʻomākaukau hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻomaʻamaʻa insecticide

ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o kēia pūʻulu i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa, ʻoiai lākou e hui pū ai i kā lākou repellent a me ka hoʻomākaukau acaricidal. Hoʻohana maikaʻi no ka pale ʻana ʻaʻole wale mai nā ticks, akā mai nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ke kuʻiʻana

I kēia manawa, ua kūkulu ʻia kahi lāʻau lapaʻau no ka encephalitis wale nō. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i ke kano ma kēlā me kēia halemai i laikini ʻia. ʻO ke kino i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, inā e komo ka maʻi virus, ʻike iā ia a hoʻomaka e hakakā ikaika.

ʻAʻahu holoʻokoʻa

I ka hele ʻana i nā wahi e noho ai nā kuʻi, pono e ʻaʻahu ʻia nā lole pale. Pono ʻoe e koho i nā mea o nā aka māmā - ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ʻike ʻana i ka parasite ma luna.

Pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka pants i loko o nā pūkuʻu, pono e hoʻopili pono ʻia nā cuffs a puni nā lima.

Kolo ka ʻāʻī mai lalo i luna, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu i loko o nā pālule. ʻO ke kola kiʻekiʻe a me ke poʻo, ka puʻupuʻu. Kūʻai pū ʻia nā lole anti-tick kūikawā.

Kōkua lāʻau me ka nahu i ka wā e noi ai

ʻO ka nahu o ka tick ka mea e hopohopo ai i ka lehulehu, akā pono ʻoe e hana mālie a me ka hilinaʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻaʻike i kekahi keʻena olakino: keʻena ʻokiʻoki, ke keʻena pilikia, ke keʻena pilikia. Inā ʻaʻole hiki kēia, ua wehe ʻia ka tick iā ia iho a ʻaʻohe hoʻopiʻi, pono ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka i loko o 3 mau lā. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā maʻi infectious no ka manawa lōʻihi, e kuhikuhi ke kauka i nā mea pale āpau e pono ai.

Nā hana hoʻomalu

I kēia manawa, ua hoʻomohala ʻia nā ʻano hana he nui no ka pale ʻana i nā ticks ixodid. Hiki iā lākou ke hana me ke kōkua o kahi loea a i ʻole ma kāu iho.

Nā hana hakakā

Hiki ke hoʻokō kūʻokoʻa ka disinsection, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole maikaʻi nā huahana i kūʻai ʻia e like me nā kemika kūikawā.

ʻIke nā loea i ke ʻano a me ka nui o ka pīpī ʻana i ia mau huahana i palekana, hana lākou me ke kōkua o nā lako kūikawā, me ka ʻole o ka ʻai ʻana i ka lāʻau e nui loa.

Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai o nā huahana ʻoihana a kūʻai ʻia i loko o nā pūʻulu nui, i lawa no ka mālama ʻana i kekahi mau wahi.

Nā hana palekana

Ma kahi o ka mālama ʻana i ka pūnaewele e hakakā i nā ticks, pono e hana i nā hana pale:

• ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea pale no nā holoholona (nā kola, nā hāʻule, nā emulsions, etc.) a me nā kānaka (repellents, acaricides, pale lole);
• pale i ka hoʻopalapala ʻana i ke kahua: wehe i nā ʻōpala o nā mea kanu, nā lau hāʻule;
• e hakakā i nā rodents: ʻo ia ka mea ʻaʻahu kiʻekiʻe no nā larvae tick ixodid.