ʻIole mole nunui a me kona mau hiʻohiʻona: ʻokoʻa mai ka mole
Inā ʻaneʻane ʻike nā kānaka a pau e pili ana i nā mole, a laila ua lohe wale nā poʻe noho kauwela a me nā māla e pili ana i nā ʻiole mole. Hoʻopilikia kēia mau holoholona pohihihi i nā mea kanu a paʻakikī paha ke kipaku iā ia mai ka pūnaewele.
Nā mea
inoa: ʻIole maʻamau, ʻo Rūsia Hema a me nā ʻiole mole maka liʻiliʻi
ʻŌlelo Lākni: Spalax microphthalmusPapa: Māmā - Māmālia
pūʻulu: Rodents - Rodentia
Kaʻohana: ʻIole Mole - Spalacidae
 | Nā wahi noho: | kīhāpai |
 | Pilikia no: | nā aʻa, nā ʻōpala a me nā rhizomes |
 | Hōʻike: | holoholona hana a puni ka makahiki me ka makemake nui. |
ʻO ka wehewehe a me ke kiʻi o ka ʻiole mole holoholona
ʻO nā ʻiole mole he mau holoholona liʻiliʻi o ke ʻano o nā rodents. Ua like ko lākou noho ʻana me nā mole, akā i waho he ʻokoʻa ko lākou.
ʻO ke ʻano o ka holoholona
Hiki i nā mākua ke kaumaha a hiki i 700 grams a ʻoi aku paha. Hiki ke kino o ka holoholona i ka lōʻihi o 20-32 cm a he ʻano oblong, cylindrical. He mānoanoa ka hulu, pōkole, pena ʻia i kahi kala ʻeleʻele-hina-ʻeleʻele.
Hōʻike nāwaliwali ka ʻāʻī. He pōkole loa nā wāwae. ʻAʻole kūkulu ʻia ka huelo a hūnā ʻia ma lalo o ka ʻili. ʻO ke poʻo ka ʻāpana ākea loa o ke kino o ka holoholona a he ʻano palahalaha. ʻAʻohe auricles o ka holoholona, a hūnā nā maka ma lalo o ka ʻili. Hoʻopuka ʻia nā ʻoki a ulu ma luna o nā lehelehe.
Ka nohona ʻiole mole
He mea kakaikahi ka iole mole ma ka ili o ka honua.
Hoʻopau nā holoholona i ko lākou ola a pau ma lalo o ka honua. He lālā maikaʻi loa ka ʻōnaehana lua o kēia holoholona a he ʻelua papa. ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "feeding passage" ka lōʻihi loa a aia ma kahi hohonu o 20-25 cm. ʻO ka hale o ka ʻiole mole ua lako me nā pūnana kauwela a me ka hoʻoilo, a me nā hale kūʻai meaʻai.
ʻAʻole like me nā mole, hele nā iole mole i ko lākou ala me ke kōkua o nā incisors. Mai ka lepo, kahi i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai ka holoholona, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā puʻu ʻano - "ʻiole mole". ʻO ke anawaena o ia mau "ʻiole mole" hiki ke piʻi i ka 50 knm. ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā neʻe i hana ʻia e hoʻokahi rodent hiki ke piʻi i 450 m.
ʻAʻole hāʻule nā ʻiole mole i ka hibernation a no laila e kūʻai i nā waihona meaʻai nui. Hiki i nā mea kūʻai no ka hoʻoilo o kekahi ʻano rodent hiki ke piʻi i 14 kg i ke kaumaha.
He aha ka mea e ʻai ai ka holoholona
ʻO ka ʻai ʻana o nā ʻiole mole ka nui o nā meaʻai mea kanu. ʻAi ka holoholona i nā ʻōpuʻu, nā ʻuala a me nā rhizomes o nā mea kanu like ʻole. I kekahi manawa hiki i ka rodent ke ʻai i nā ʻōpuʻu a me nā lau ʻōpio, e huki ana i lalo o ka lepo ma ka hopu ʻana i kahi rhizome.
Ma waena o nā lāʻau hoʻoilo o ka holoholona hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā acorns, aniani, ʻuala a me nā beets.
Ka hana hou
He ʻenemi i ke kapa hulu.
Noho mau nā ʻiole mole i nā hui o 2-3 kanaka, me hoʻokahi kāne a me 1-2 wahine. Inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wahine i loko o ka ʻohana, a laila lawe pū lākou i nā keiki.
Hānau ʻia nā keiki i ka pūnāwai. Ma kahi o ka manawa like, haʻalele ke kāne i ka wahine hānau a hele i ka mea nāna e hānau keiki i kēia makahiki aʻe.
I loko o hoʻokahi hua, ʻike ʻia he 2-3 keiki. Hoʻomaka nā wahine ʻōpio e haʻalele i ko lākou makuahine i ka makahiki mua ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. Noho lākou ma kahi kokoke i ka ʻili, no laila make pinepine lākou ma mua o ka hiki ʻana i ʻelua makahiki. ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka make ma waena o nā kāne ʻōpio, no ka mea, neʻe lākou mai ko lākou makuahine wale nō i ka lua o ka makahiki a noho i lalo.
ʻO ka awelika o ke ola o nā ʻiole mole ma ka nahele he 2,5-4 mau makahiki. Hiki i kekahi mau mea hoʻohālike ke ola a hiki i 9 mau makahiki.
Noho ʻiole mole
ʻO ka noho ʻana o nā ʻiole mole ka steppe, ka ululāʻau-steppe, semi-deserts a me nā wao nahele. ʻO ka pinepine, loaʻa ka holoholona ma nā steppe a me nā wahi pālahalaha. No ka mea, ʻai nui nā ʻiole mole i nā meaʻai mea kanu, hauʻoli lākou i ka noho ʻana ma nā kula mauʻu a me nā pā. I nā hihia kakaʻikahi, hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻiole mole ma waho o nā ululāʻau.
ʻAʻole, he kuhi hewa kēia. He ʻokoʻa nā holoholona, ʻoiai he ʻano like ko lākou noho ʻana.
ʻAe, a ikaika loa. ʻAʻole naʻe ʻo ia e hoʻouka iā ia iho, akā i ka hihia wale nō o ka pale ʻana iā ia iho. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i hoʻomohala i ka hihiʻo a inā pilikia, hoʻouka ʻo ia i nā mea āpau a me nā mea āpau, e kālele ana i ka lohe wale ʻana.
ʻOiai he nui loa ka heluna kanaka, ʻaʻole paha e ʻike ʻia ka ʻiole mole. Inā paʻa ʻole ʻo ia i ka ʻili, maloʻo, hoʻolohe a hoʻokele, a laila neʻe i hope e komo i loko o kāna mink.
He aha ka pōʻino o ka ʻiole mole i ke kanaka
ʻO nā ʻiole mole e noho kokoke ana i nā ʻāina kanaka ke kumu nui o ka pilikia a me nā pilikia koʻikoʻi. Poino nui mai ke alo o na rodents ma ka paena penei:
- hōʻino i ka hiʻohiʻona nani o nā wahi paka;
- pōʻino i nā mea kanu like ʻole ma nā mahina ʻai a me nā mahina ʻai;
- ka luku ʻana i nā mea kanu ma nā kīhāpai a me nā māla ʻai;
- ka luku ʻana i nā moena pua.
Pehea e hana ai me ka pest
ʻO ka ʻiole mole he ʻiole kona ʻano maʻamau me ka mole. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia lākou, ma muli o nā makemake meaʻai like. Hana ʻia ka hakakā ʻana me nā ʻiole mole e nā ʻano like me nā mole. No ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana iā lākou, e hahai i nā loulou ma lalo nei i nā ʻatikala o ka portal.
hopena
Hoʻopilikia ka ʻiole mole i ke kanaka, akā naʻe, hiki i ko lākou hele ʻana ke pōmaikaʻi. He kuleana koʻikoʻi kēia mau koʻokoʻo i ka hoʻonui ʻana a me ka ʻokoʻa o ka haku ʻana i ka lepo a me nā mea kanu, a ua helu ʻia kekahi o kā lākou ʻano i ka Red Book.
ʻO mua