He aha ke ʻano o ke kino o ka spider: ʻo loko a me waho
He mau hoalauna mau nā spiders ma ke ʻano a me ka home. Nānā lākou i mea hoʻoweliweli ma muli o ka nui o nā wāwae. ʻOiai nā ʻokoʻa o waho ma waena o nā ʻano a me nā ʻelele, ʻo ke anatomy o ka spider a me ke ʻano o waho e like mau.
Nā mea
Nā Spiders: nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau
ʻO ke ʻano o waho o ka spider.
ʻO nā spiders nā ʻelele o ke ʻano o nā arthropods. Hana ʻia ko lākou mau lālā i nā ʻāpana, a ua uhi ʻia ke kino me ka chitin. Hoʻoponopono ʻia ko lākou ulu ʻana e ka molting, kahi hoʻololi i ka pūpū chitinous.
He mau lālā koʻikoʻi nā spiders o ka biosphere. ʻAi liʻiliʻi lākou nā pepeke a pela e hooponopono ai i ko lakou heluna. Aneane he mau mea pupule e noho ana ma ka ili honua, koe nae kekahi ano.
Kūlana waho
Ua like ke kino o na kolo a pau. ʻAʻole like me nā inike, ʻaʻohe ona ʻēheu a i ʻole antennae. A loaʻa iā lākou nā hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa - ka hiki ke hana i kahi pūnaewele.
Ke kino
Ua māhele ʻia ke kino o ka spider i ʻelua ʻāpana - ka cephalothorax a me ka ʻōpū. He 8 mau wāwae hele wāwae. Aia nā ʻōkana e ʻae iā ʻoe e hopu i ka meaʻai, chelicerae a i ʻole nā iwi waha. ʻO nā pedipalps nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe e kōkua i ka hopu pio ʻana.
cephalothorax
ʻO ka cephalothorax a i ʻole prosoma he mau ʻili. ʻElua mau ʻaoʻao nui - ʻo ka pūpū hope a me ka sternum. Hoʻopili ʻia nā mea hoʻohui i kēia ʻāpana. Aia kekahi mau maka, chelicerae, ma ka cephalothorax.
wāwae
He 4 mau wāwae hele wāwae o ka Spider. He mau lālā lākou, ʻehiku o lākou. Ua uhi ʻia lākou me nā bristles, ʻo ia nā mea e hopu ai i nā ʻala a me nā kani. Hoʻopili pū lākou i nā ea a me nā haʻalulu. He mau maiuu ma ka piko o ke keiki bipi, alaila hele lakou.
- kīʻaha;
- kuha;
- pūhaka;
- patella;
- tibia;
- metatarsus;
- kālele.
Pedipalps
Nā lālā spider.
ʻO nā lālā o ka pedipalp he ʻeono mau ʻāpana, ʻaʻohe o lākou metatarsus. Aia lākou ma mua o nā wāwae hele wāwae mua. Loaʻa iā lākou ka helu nui o nā mea ʻike e hana e like me ka ʻono a me ka ʻono.
Hoʻohana nā kāne i kēia mau ʻōpū e hoʻopā me nā wahine. ʻO lākou, me ke kōkua o ka tarsus, e loli iki ana i ka wā oʻo, e hoʻouna i nā vibrations ma o ka pūnaewele i nā wahine.
chelicerae
Kapa ʻia lākou he ʻāwae, no ka mea, hana pololei kēia mau lālā i ke kuleana o ka waha. Akā, i loko o nā spiders, he hakahaka lākou, kahi e hoʻokomo ai i ka lāʻau make i loko o kāna mea pio.
ʻO nā maka
Mamuli o ke ʻano ka maka hiki mai 2 a 8 mau ʻāpana. He ʻokoʻa ka ʻike o nā spiders, ʻokoʻa kekahi i nā kikoʻī liʻiliʻi a me nā neʻe ʻana, ʻoiai ʻo ka hapa nui e ʻike i ka mediocre, a hilinaʻi nui i nā haʻalulu a me nā kani. Aia kekahi mau ʻano, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā spider ana, i hōʻemi loa i nā kino o ka ʻike.
Peduncle
Aia kekahi hiʻohiʻona o nā spider - he wāwae lahilahi a hiki ke hoʻopili i ka cephalothorax a me ka ʻōpū. Hāʻawi ia i ka neʻe maikaʻi ʻana o nā ʻāpana kino.
Ke wili ka pūnawelewele i ka pūnaewele, hoʻoneʻe wale ʻo ia i kona ʻōpū, ʻoiai e mau ana ka cephalothorax. No laila, hiki i nā lālā ke neʻe, a hoʻomaha ka ʻōpū.
Pau
"Ma lalo" o ka spider.
He opisthosoma ʻo ia, he mau ʻāpana a he puka no ka māmā. Aia ma ka ʻaoʻao ventral nā ʻāpana, spinnerets, nona ke kuleana no ka ulana kilika.
ʻO ke ʻano he oval ka nui, akā ma muli o ke ʻano o ka spider, hiki ke elongated a i ʻole ka angular. Aia ka puka ma lalo o ke kumu.
Exoskeleton
Aia i loko o ka chitin paʻa, ʻo ia, i kona ulu ʻana, ʻaʻole ia e kikoo, akā ua hoʻokahe ʻia. Ma lalo o ka pūpū kahiko, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi mea hou, a ʻo ka spider i kēia manawa hoʻōki i kāna hana a pau ka ʻai ʻana.
ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka molting he mau manawa i ke ola ʻana o kahi spider. He 5 wale nō o lākou i kekahi poʻe, akā aia kekahi poʻe e hele ana i nā pae 8-10 o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka pūpū. Inā ʻeha a ʻeha paha ka exoskeleton, a i ʻole ka hana ʻino ʻana i ka mīkini, pilikia ka holoholona a make paha.
ʻO nā kino o loko
Aia i loko o nā kino ka digestive a me nā ʻōnaehana excretory. Hoʻopili pū ʻia kēia me nā ʻōnaehana kaʻa kaʻa, ka hanu a me ke kikowaena.
Ua uhi ʻia ka ʻōnaehana holo. Ma kahi o ke koko, hoʻopiha ʻia ke kino me ka geolymph, ka mea e kaʻahele i loko o nā kino me ke kōkua o nā aʻa. He ʻulaʻula iki kēia wai, i hāʻawi ʻia e ka hemocyanin, kahi protein me ke keleawe.
ʻO ka puʻuwai he paipu paʻa hoʻokahi, ʻaʻohe keʻena a mahele ʻole. Aia ia ma luna o ka ʻōpū, i loko o ka laina waena o ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū.
He ʻokoʻa paha ka ʻōnaehana hanu mai nā ʻano spider. Hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa i ʻelua mau māmā a i ʻole tracheas. Ua maheleia kekahi, ua mama ka mua, a ua hoololiia ke kua i puuwai.
Manaʻo ʻia ka ʻai ʻana i waho. ʻAʻole ʻeli ka spider i ka meaʻai i loko, akā ʻai i ka syrup i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. Huli ka spider i ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia, me ke kōkua o ka hoʻouka ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻupena, hoʻokomo i ka lāʻau make i loko. He mau hola ka lōʻihi no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai mai loko mai o nā inike.
Aia ka nui o ke aʻalolo kūikawā i ka cephalothorax, hiki ke lawe i ka 40% o ka nui o ka nui. Haʻalele ka nui o nā aʻalolo cerebral mai ia mea, e ʻokoʻa ana ma nā ʻāpana āpau, a hiki i ka piko o nā wāwae.
Ka hana hou
He holoholona dioecious ka spider. Aia ko lākou ʻōpū hānau ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka ʻōpū. Mai laila mai, hōʻiliʻili nā kāne i ka sperm i loko o nā puʻupuʻu ma nā wēlau o nā pedipalps a hoʻololi iā ia i ka wehe ʻana o ka wahine.
I ka hapanui o nā hihia, he dimorphic ka pūʻali koa. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine, akā ʻoi aku ka māmā o nā kala. ʻOi aku ko lākou hoihoi i ka hānau ʻana, ʻoiai e hoʻouka pinepine nā wahine i nā mea hoʻopiʻi ma mua, ma hope a i ka wā o ka male ʻana.
He ʻano kiʻi kaʻawale ka launa ʻana o kekahi mau ʻano spider. No ka laʻana, liʻiliʻi pūʻā peʻa hana i ka hula holoʻokoʻa e hōʻike ana i ka wahine i kona manaʻo.
hopena
ʻO ke ʻano o ka spider he mīkini paʻakikī i noʻonoʻo maikaʻi ʻia. Hāʻawi ia i ke ola me ka ʻai kūpono a me ka hoʻohua kūpono. Lawe ka holoholona i kona wahi ma ke kaulahao meaʻai, e pōmaikaʻi ai nā kānaka.
ʻO mua