ʻO nā ʻike hoihoi e pili ana i ka martha hale maʻamau
154 nānā
4 minuke. no ka heluhelu
Ua loaʻa iā mākou 18 nā mea hoihoi e pili ana i nā martins
Kūlanakauhale ʻo Delishon
Noho pinepine kēia manu liʻiliʻi i nā pūnana ma ke alo o nā hale kanaka. ʻOiai makaʻala ʻo ia i nā kānaka, ʻaʻole ʻo ia hilahila a ʻae i ko lākou hele ʻana.
Ke alakaʻi nei ia i ke ʻano o ke ola ea, ʻaneʻane ʻaʻole e pae i ka honua. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pūnana, i ka wā e hōʻiliʻili ai ʻo ia i ka lepo mai ka lepo e lilo i mea kūkulu hale. Ma waho o ka manawa nesting, noho ia i ka pō ma nā kumulāʻau e pili ana i nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o kāna ʻano. E like me ka mea e pono ai ke ale, lele maikaʻi loa ka lele ʻana, hoʻopau lākou i kekahi mau hola i ka lā i ka lele a loaʻa ka meaʻai i ka wā lele. Manaʻo ʻia lākou e ka poʻe no ka maikaʻi o ka hopu ʻana i nā pepeke.
1
ʻO ka ʻāleʻa maʻamau, he manu ia mai ka ʻohana huelo ale.
Aia kēia ʻohana ma kahi o 90 mau ʻano manu mai 19 genera. ʻEkolu mau ʻano ʻano o ka ʻāleʻa, ʻoiai ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa nei i kēia manawa inā pono ke manaʻo ʻia he ʻano ʻokoʻa.
2
Loaʻa ia ma Eurasia a me ʻApelika ʻĀkau, akā ua māhele ʻia kona laulā ma waena o ʻekolu mau ʻano ʻano o kēia manu.
Loaʻa nā subspecies Eurasia (D. u. urbicum) ma ʻEulopa, me Scandinavia, a ma ʻAsia Waena a hiki i Siberia Komohana. ʻO ka hoʻoilo ma lalo o Sahara ʻApelika. Noho nā subspecies Mediterranean (Du meridionale) i nā wahi kahakai o ke Kai Mediterranean ma Morocco, Tunisia a me Algeria, a me ʻEulopa hema a me ke komohana-waena o Asia. Hooilo ma Aferika a me Asia Hema-komohana. Noho nā ʻano subspecies ʻĀsia (D. u. lagopodum) i Central Asia (Mongolia a me Kina), hoʻoilo ma Kina Hema a me Asia Hema.
3
ʻO ka ʻāina maikaʻi loa no ka ʻai ʻana i ka hale he mau wahi ākea i uhi ʻia me nā mea kanu haʻahaʻa. Makemake ʻo ia i nā wahi me ka wai.
Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole kēia manaʻo ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa ma nā mauna a i ʻole nā kūlanakauhale.
Loaʻa ka ʻaleʻale hale ma nā mauna a hiki i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 2200 m. ʻAʻole hilahila e like me ka ʻāleʻa hale ʻai a noho pū i nā kūlanakauhale i kūkulu ʻia, akā me nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka pollution ea. Hoʻopau ʻo ia i ka hoʻoilo ma nā wahi e like me kona ʻāina hānau.
4
He mau lele lele maikaʻi lākou, e like me nā ʻaleʻa ʻē aʻe.
Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻolimalima i kekahi mau hola i ka lā ma ka lewa. Ua kaulana lākou no ko lākou hiki ke hoʻololi i ka lewa, kahi e hoʻopakele pinepine ai i ko lākou ola mai ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana o nā manu lele. ʻAʻole like me nā ʻaleʻa, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o kā lākou lele ma mua o ka lele ʻana, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ko lākou kaupaku.
5
He manu lele kēia, ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ke kau hānau ʻana, hele ʻo ia i kona kahua hoʻoilo.
I ka wā o ka neʻe ʻana, hele pū nā ʻāleʻa hale.
6
He ʻano insectivorous kēia e hopu ana i ka ʻai i ka lele.
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a lākou e ʻimi ai he 21 mika (ma kahi pūnana) a me 50 m (ma kahi o ka hoʻoilo), a ʻo ka wahi hahai holoholona ma loko o kahi radius o 450 m mai ka pūnana. ʻO nā mea maʻamau o ka ʻai ʻana he nalo a me nā aphids, a ma nā wahi hoʻoilo - nā ʻano lele.
7
Ua manaʻo nui ʻia nā ʻano subspecies ʻĀsia (Du lagopodum) he ʻano ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka ʻale.
Eia nō naʻe, i kēia manawa ua manaʻo ʻia he subspecies o ka swallow.
8
He mau manu liʻiliʻi kēia, he 13 knm ka lōʻihi o nā mākua.
Mai ka 26 a 29 kenimika ka laula o ka ʻēheu, a ʻo kona kaumaha awelika he 18.3 g.
9
He kila uliuli ka piko o ke poo a me ke kino, keokeo ka puu a me lalo.
He ʻeleʻele nā maka o kēia mau ʻāleo, ʻeleʻele ka nuku a liʻiliʻi, ʻeleʻele, a ʻulaʻula nā wāwae.
10
ʻAʻole loaʻa i kēia mau ʻaleʻa ka dimorphism.
Ua like ke kala a me ke kaumaha o nā kāne ʻelua.
11
Ma muli o ka latitu, hiki ke hoʻomaka ka wā hānau i ka hopena o Malaki (Africa) a i ʻole waena o Iune (Northern Scandinavia).
Ma Polani, maʻamau i ʻApelila - Mei, i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pūnana. Hoʻopili ʻia lākou ma ka pā ma lalo o kahi pā e kū ana. Ma mua, ua kūkulu nā ʻale i nā pūnana i loko o nā ana a me nā pōhaku, akā me ka hiki ʻana mai o nā hale ua hoʻololi lākou i ka pūnana ma ko lākou mau paia.
12
Hoʻomoe ka wahine i ka awelika o 4-5 mau hua i loko o kahi paʻa, a hiki i ka lua o nā ʻāleʻa hale ke hana i ʻelua a ʻekolu paha lima i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
He keʻokeʻo lākou a he 19 x 13,5 mm ke ana. Ma hope o 14-16 mau lā, ʻoʻo nā moa a noho ma lalo o ka mālama a ko lākou mau mākua no 3 a 5 mau pule. Hoʻoholo ʻia ko lākou ulu ulu ʻana e nā kūlana o ka wā.
13
ʻO ia ka mea i hui pū ʻia nā ʻāleʻa me nā ʻaleʻa.
Ma waena o nā passerines a pau, ʻo kēia kekahi o nā keʻa interspecific maʻamau.
14
Kūkulu nā hoa ʻelua i ka pūnana.
Aia i loko o ka lepo i hoʻopili ʻia i nā papa. a ua uhi ʻia me nā mea palupalu e like me ka lauoho, ka mauʻu a me ka hulu hipa. Aia ka puka komo ma lalo pono o ka ʻili ākea, ma ka piko o ka pūnana, a he liʻiliʻi loa kona mau ana.
15
Kūkulu pinepine kēia mau manu i nā pūnana i loko o nā kolo.
ʻO ka mea maʻamau, aia ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 10 o lākou, akā aia nā hihia i ʻike ʻia o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā kolone o kēia mau ʻaleʻa, kahi o ka nui o nā pūnana i nā tausani.
16
ʻO ka awelika o ke ola o nā ʻaleʻale hale maʻamau i ka nahele he 4 a 5 mau makahiki.
Eia naʻe, hiki iā lākou ke ola lōʻihi, i nā kūlana maikaʻi - a hiki i 14 mau makahiki.
17
ʻO ka heluna kanaka ʻEulopa o kēia mau manu i manaʻo ʻia he 20 a 48 miliona mau kānaka.
Wahi a nā haʻawina mai 2013-2018, ua manaʻo ʻia ka heluna o Polani ma 834 1,19 poʻe. a hiki i ka XNUMX miliona mau kānaka. ʻO nā mea hoʻoweliweli nui loa i nā ʻano mea ʻo ia ka hoʻokūkū me nā manu liʻiliʻi maʻamau, ka haumia o ke kaiapuni a me ka nele o ka lepo, ʻo ia kahi mea kūkulu hale no ko lākou pūnana, ma muli o ka maloʻo.
18
ʻAʻole ia he ʻano pōʻino, akā mālama pono ʻia ma Polani.
Ke papa inoa nei ka International Union for Conservation of Nature i ka ʻālunu ma ke ʻano he ʻano o ka Least Concern.
