Pehea ka hanu ʻana o ka ʻāʻī i ka wā e nahu ai, a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi o nā "vampires" i ʻole e ʻeha i ka wā ʻai.
He mau arachnid ka ʻaʻa me ʻehā mau wāwae. ʻO ka maʻamau he 1-1,5 cm ka lōʻihi. Ma hope o ka inu ʻana i ke koko, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonui i ko lākou nui a hiki i 200 mau manawa. ʻEli paʻa ka ʻili i loko o ka ʻili a hūnā i nā mea maʻi anesthetic, i ʻole e ʻike ʻia ka nahu. Pili i ke kino, ʻike ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano he kikoʻeleʻele, ʻōpuʻu iki me ka ʻulaʻula a puni. Hoʻopiʻi pinepine ka poʻe i ke ʻano o ka hanu koko.
Nā mea
ʻO wai nā ticks a no ke aha lākou e pōʻino ai
ʻO ka pinepine, hiki ke loaʻa nā ticks i loko o ka ululāʻau, i ka paka, akā i kēia manawa ua ulu nui lākou i nā kūlanakauhale. Hoʻomaka ka manawa no kēia mau parasites i Malaki/ʻApelila me kahi kiʻekiʻe i Iune/Sepatemaba. Noho ia a hiki i Nowemapa, ʻo ia paha ma muli o ka mehana o ke aniau.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka poʻe hoʻoheheʻe koko e like me ka Spider-like i loko o kahi wahi mahana a me ka haʻahaʻa. No laila, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o lākou i ke kakahiaka a i ke ahiahi hoʻi. Koho lākou i nā wahi ma ke kino i ʻoi aku ka palupalu o ka ʻili. No laila, ʻike pinepine ʻia lākou ma ka ʻāʻī, ma lalo o nā ʻūhā, ma nā kuli a ma lalo o ka umauma.
ʻO nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e ka ʻaʻa
ʻO ka pōʻai hoʻomohala piha o ka parasite e koi ʻekolu manawa i ka ʻai ʻana o ke koko o ka mea hoʻokipa. Ma muli o kēia, ʻo nā parasites nā mea lawe i nā ʻano pathogens like ʻole e hoʻoulu ai i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi i nā holoholona a me nā kānaka:
- ʻO ka maʻi Lyme;
- encephalitis;
- anaplasmosis/ehrlichiosis;
- babesiosis
ʻO nā maʻi ʻē aʻe i lawe pinepine ʻia e nā parasites penei:
- ʻAmelika fever;
- tularemia;
- cytauxoonosis;
- bartonellosis;
- toxoplasmosis;
- mycoplasmosis.
He aha ke ʻano o ka nahu ʻana i ke kanaka?
ʻAiʻaʻa:
- ʻike koke ʻia ma hope o ka wehe ʻana i ka parasite mai ka ʻili;
- ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ka nui o ka rim ma mua o 5 cm ke anawaena;
- e pau koke ana;
- ʻo ka ʻili pinepine ma kahi o ka nahu.
Erythema auwana:
- ʻike wale ʻia ma hope o kekahi mau lā, maʻamau 7-14 mau lā ma hope o ka paʻa ʻana o ka tick i loko o ke kino;
- ulu aʻe ma mua o 5 cm ke anawaena;
- Loaʻa i kahi hoʻolālā hiʻohiʻona e like me kahi pahuhopu pana, aia ma waenakonu he wahi ʻulaʻula, a puni kahi apo ʻulaʻula;
- ʻano erythema, "auwana" ma nā wahi like ʻole o ka ʻili;
- Hiki mai ke kuni a me ka ma'i flu.
Pehea ka hanu o ka ma'i ke nahu?
Aia ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino nā ʻōpū hanu o ke kino a he mau paipu tracheal kahi e komo ai ka ea i loko o ke kumu poepoe. ʻElua puʻupuʻu trachea e haʻalele ana mai ia mea, e lālā ikaika a hoʻopaʻa i nā ʻāpana āpau.
ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha i ka wā o ka nahu ʻana, i ka wā i ʻeli ai ka parasite i ka ʻili o ke kanaka a holoholona paha, hoʻomau ka hanu mālie. ʻAʻohe ona ʻōpū hanu ma kona poʻo.
ʻO ke kōkua mua ma hope o ka nahu ʻana
Inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi kiko ma kou kino, e wehe koke iā ia. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia me nā forceps liʻiliʻi a i ʻole kahi mea wehe ʻoihana, hiki ke kūʻai ʻia ma kahi lāʻau lapaʻau.
ʻO ka wehe pono ʻana i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe koko e hōʻemi nui i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e kekahi o nā parasite i koe.
Ma hope o ka wehe ʻana i ka arachnid, pono e mālama ʻia ka wahi nahu no ka liʻiliʻi o 4 mau pule. ʻO ka Erythema ma ka pūnaewele injection, e like me ka pale a hoʻonui, ʻo ia ka hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi Lyme, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia e ʻike mau me ka maʻi.
Pehea e huki ai
Pono e wehe koke ʻia nā ticks, ʻo ʻoe wale nō a i ʻole ma ke noi ʻana i kekahi e wehe iā lākou. No ka wehe ʻana i kahi parasite i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ka ʻili, pono ia ma kahi kihi kūpono, no laila mea paahana e pono ai:
- hōʻailona;
- nā tweezers me kahi kiʻi;
- ʻume māmā no ka hoʻomoe.
Inā hoʻohana ʻoe i nā tweezers a i ʻole nā mea hana like ʻole, hopu i ka parasite kokoke i ka ʻili e like me ka hiki, a laila huki mālie iā ia i luna ma kahi kihi ʻākau (90°). Mai hoʻokuʻu a wili paha i nā tweezers, no ka mea, hoʻonui kēia i ka pōʻino iā lākou a waiho ʻia kahi ʻāpana o ka iniseti i loko o ka ʻili. Ma hope o ka wehe ʻana i ka parasite, hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻili a luku iā ia ma ka ʻoki ʻana me kahi mea, e like me ke aniani.
He aha ka mea e hana ai me ka nahu tick
Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke lawe i ka māka no nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua, a laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana i ke koko. Pehea e hana pono ai, e haʻi mākou ma lalo nei.
Ma hope o ka nahu ʻana o ka tick, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e inu i nā antibiotic. No ka pale ʻana, kuhikuhi ʻia ka doxycycline 0,2 g no nā pākeke, hoʻokahi manawa i nā hola 72 mua ma hope o ka inu ʻana o ke koko koko. ʻO nā keiki a me nā pākeke nona ka doxycycline i contraindicated i kuhikuhi ʻia ʻo amoxicillin 3 mau manawa i ka lā no 5 mau lā.
Inā he 2 mau pule ma hope o ka nahu ʻana, a laila e hoʻāʻo ʻia lākou no nā antibodies i ka maʻi maʻi encephalitis. Lawe ʻia kahi hoʻāʻo koko no nā antibodies i ka borreliosis ma hope o 3 pule.
No ka hoʻoholo inā haʻalele ka nahu i nā hopena, pono ʻoe e hana i kahi hoʻāʻo koko no ka encephalitis a me ka borreliosis e ka PCR. Pono e lawe ʻia kēia loiloi ma mua o 10 mau lā ma hope o ka paʻa ʻana o ka parasite.
ʻO kahi hana pale ulia pōpilikia ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka immunoglobulin ma hope o ka paʻa ʻana o ke koko. Hiki ke noho ma ka ʻili o ke kino no ka manawa lōʻihi a hanu mālie.
Pono e lawelawe ʻia ka immunoglobulin i loko o nā lā 3 mua ma hope o ka nahu ʻana o ka parasite. A laila hoʻopau loa ka maʻi virus. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau he protein i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ke koko i loaʻa nā antibodies i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi. Ua helu ʻia i ka nui o 1 ml no 10 kg o ke kino kanaka.
Nā nīnau a me nā pane kaulana
Pane mākou i nā nīnau maʻamau mai ka poʻe heluhelu. Hiki i ka poʻe koko koko, e ʻeli i loko o ke kino, hiki ke hanu mālie, akā aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike.
| He aha nā hopena o ka nahu ʻana? | He ʻokoʻa paha nā hopena, akā ʻike pinepine ʻia nā hōʻailona ma hope - ʻulaʻula o ka ʻili a me ka pehu ma ke kahua o ka nahu, ke kuni, ke kuni, ka luhi, ka lethargy, ka hiamoe a me ke olakino maikaʻi ʻole. |
| He aha kāu e hana ai inā ʻaʻole i huki ʻia ka māka holoʻokoʻa | Pono e huki ʻia nā koena o ka parasite. No ka hanaʻana i kēia, pono e mālama i nā tweezers a iʻole ka nila, a me kaʻeha, me ka waiʻona. A laila e huki i ke kiko e like me kā mākou lawe ʻana i kahi maʻa. |
| Pehea e wehe ai i nā kiko | ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka huki ʻana iā lākou me nā tweezers. Aia nā tweezers kūikawā me kahi kiʻi i mea e maʻalahi ai ka loaʻa ʻana o ka parasite. Inā ʻaʻohe mea, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi me kou manamana lima. |
| Ka pale ʻana i ka nahu ʻana o ka maʻi | ʻO ka hoʻokahi haneli pakeneka o ka pale ʻana ʻo ia ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ka immunoglobulin, e kōkua ana i hoʻokahi mahina. Hāʻawi pū ʻia ka immunoglobulin ma hope o ka nahu ʻana inā ua paʻa i loko o ka ʻili. Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻopaʻa i ka wā o ka hana nui o nā parasites. ʻO ka papa he ʻelua mau lāʻau lapaʻau me kahi manawa o 1-2 mau mahina. Hana ʻia ka Revaccination i hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope, a laila i kēlā me kēia 3 makahiki. |
| Pehea e loaʻa ʻole ai ka encephalitis a i ʻole ka maʻi lyme | ʻO ka mea mua, pono e hoʻohana i nā hana mālama i ka wā e hele ai i ka nahele, e hele ana i ka paka. E ʻaʻahu i nā lole ʻulaʻula me kahi puʻupuʻu e uhi ana i ka ʻili o ke kino, e hoʻokomo i nā pālule i loko o nā kāmaʻa, e hoʻohana i nā mea pale aerosol, e nānā pinepine iā ʻoe iho a me kou mau hoaaloha, e nānā pono i nā lole a me ke kino ke hoʻi mai. |
ʻO mua