Ixodid ticks - nā mea lawe i nā maʻi: ʻo ka nahu ʻana o kēia parasite weliweli a he aha nā hopena
ʻO nā kuʻi he mau parasites weliweli, aia ma kahi o 60 mau ʻano o lākou ma ka ʻāina, akā ʻo nā ticks ixodid wale nō nā mea lawe i nā pathogens o nā maʻi weliweli loa, e like me encephalitis, tularemia, Lyme borreliosis a me nā maʻi like ʻole.
Nā mea
Pehea e ʻike ai i nā ticks ixodid
Ua like ke ʻano o Ixodid ticks i nā inike, akā no ka ʻohana arachnid lākou, a hiki ke ʻike ʻia e nā hōʻailona aʻe:
- ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ke kino, ʻeleʻele a ʻulaʻula paha, 0,1-0,7 cm ka lōʻihi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wahine ma mua o ke kāne;
- 4 mau wāwae;
- noho kokoke i ka lepo, waiho hua;
- ʻai lākou i ke koko o nā holoholona a i ʻole nā kānaka, piʻi pinepine ka ʻili i hoʻonui ʻia a lilo i hina, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke ʻoki.
Ixodid tick: kiʻi
Ixodid ticks - he aha ia
ʻO ka ixodid ticks a i ʻole ka paʻakikī paʻakikī ke ola i nā steppes, nā ululāʻau-steppes a me nā ululāʻau i ka mauʻu paʻa. ʻAi lākou i ke koko o nā holoholona a me nā kānaka. ʻOkoʻa ka nui o ka wahine a me ke kāne, a ʻo ka pale dorsal e uhi i ke kino holoʻokoʻa o ke kāne, i ka wahine - uhi ka pale i ke kino e 1/3.
E koho i nā ixodes: morphology
No ka ʻohana arachnid ko Ixodid ticks, ʻo ko lākou kino he ʻūhā ʻole, ke poʻo, a he 4 mau wāwae.
'Oko'a ka nui o ke kino a me ke kala o ka wahine a me ke kane.
He ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula nā kāne, ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele paha nā kāne. ʻO kahi pale paʻa ma ke kua e uhi pono i ke kino o ke kāne, a ʻo ke kino o ka wahine - e 1/3. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka hānai ʻana i nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne. Hōʻike ke kiʻikuhi i ke ʻano o ka wahine a me ke kāne.
ʻO nā kiko o ka genus ixodes: ʻano
Ma waena o nā mites, ʻo nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o nā ʻano ixodex he mau parasite koko koko.
Ka ino
ʻO nā ticks nā mea lawe i nā pathogens o nā maʻi weliweli o nā holoholona a me nā kānaka, i lawe ʻia e ka nahu. Me ka kohu, komo nā maʻi maʻi like ʻole a me ka bacteria i ka ʻeha. Ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka ʻāina, hoʻopilikia lākou i nā kānaka a me nā holoholona me ia mau maʻi: tick-borne encephalitis, Q fever, tick-borne typhus, borreliosis a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
ixodid tick disease
ʻO nā ticks Ixodid nā mea lawe i kēlā mau maʻi:
- ʻo ka encephalitis i lawe ʻia e ka tick-borne,
- ʻO ka borreliosis maʻi maʻi, a i ʻole ka maʻi Lyme,
- tularemia, maʻi hemorrhagic,
- babesiosis,
- maʻi ʻino,
- ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
ʻO kēia mau maʻi a pau ke kumu o ka pōʻino nui i ke olakino kanaka, a hiki i kekahi ke alakaʻi i ke kīnā a me ka make.
Nā hana hoʻomalu
I kēlā me kēia makahiki, huli ka nui o ka poʻe i nā keʻena lapaʻau ma hope o ka nahu ʻia e nā ticks. ʻO nā parasite omo koko ka mea lawe i nā maʻi weliweli i loko o ke kanaka a me nā holoholona.
Ke ʻike nui ʻia nei nā ticks kokoke i nā wahi noho o nā kānaka: ma nā paka, ma nā alaloa ma nā kūlanakauhale nui.
Hoʻomaopopo nā mea hānai holoholona i ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o nā parasites. No laila, hoʻokō nā lawelawe maʻemaʻe i ka hoʻopau a me nā hana pale.
Nā hana hakakā
Ma nā wahi me ka nui o nā ticks, hoʻohana ʻia nā mea kemika no ka mālama ʻana i nā parasites. Ma mua o ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka hana, hana nā loea i kēia mau hana:
- ka nānā 'ana i ka 'āina;
- ka hoʻomākaukauʻana i ka pūnaewele no ka hanaʻana;
- koho kālā;
- ka hana pololei o ka pūnaewele;
- ka nana hou ana.
Koho ka poʻe loea i nā kemika palekana no nā kānaka a me nā holoholona. I kā lākou hana, hoʻohana lākou i nā sprayers hou.
Nā hana palekana
Noho ʻo ka ʻaʻa ma nā wahi pulu me ka mauʻu mānoanoa. Ma nā wahi e noho ai nā kānaka, pono ʻoe e ʻoki mau i nā lau, wehe i ka mauʻu kiʻekiʻe, nā lau hāʻule.
ʻO ke kumu meaʻai o nā parasites he mau rodents liʻiliʻi, no laila, ʻo ka hakakā ʻana me nā rodents kahi hana koʻikoʻi i ka pale ʻana. Ma nā wahi i ʻike ʻia ai nā rodents, hoʻohana ʻia nā maunu a me nā pahele, akā pono e hoʻohana ʻia me ka akahele i ʻole e hōʻeha i nā kānaka a me nā holoholona.
Pehea e pale ai iā ʻoe iho mai ka ixodi tick
I ka hele wāwae ʻana a i ʻole kahi pīknik ma ke ʻano maoli, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia kēia mau mea: noho nā ticks i ka mauʻu mānoanoa a kali i ka mea i pepehi ʻia. E pale i nā wahi pulu me nā mauʻu kiʻekiʻe, nā lāʻau. No ka pale ʻana iā ʻoe iho pono ʻoe:
- E koho i nā lole a me nā kāmaʻa e uhi i ke kino e like me ka hiki. E kau i ka pāpale a i ʻole ka pāpale ma luna o kou poʻo. E hoʻokomo i ka pālule i loko o nā kāmaʻa, e hoʻopaʻa i nā lima lima i hiki ʻole i ke kino ke komo i ke kino.
- E hoʻopili i nā mea pale kūikawā i nā lole a me ke kino e pale aku ai i nā parasites.
- I kēlā me kēia manawa, e nānā iā ʻoe iho a me ka poʻe āu e hoʻomaha pū ai no ka hele ʻana o nā ticks. ʻO ka maʻamau lākou e kolo mai lalo i luna.
- Ma hope o ka hoʻi ʻana i ka home, lulu maikaʻi i nā lole, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻeke, nā pelu, nā humuhumu. Akā, pono e hana i kēia ma waho o ka hale.
- Ma nā wahi i loaʻa pinepine ʻia ka maʻi encephalitis i lawe ʻia e ka tick-borne, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā kamaʻāina.