Grain scoop: pehea a pehea e pōʻino ai i ka hina a me ka maʻamau
ʻAʻole hiki ke wehewehe i ke koʻikoʻi o nā mea kanu no ke kanaka. He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi lākou o ka ʻoihana. I kēlā me kēia makahiki ke kali ʻia nei ka ʻohi ʻana o ka palaoa, rai, bale, millet, oats. Eia naʻe, hiki i ka pūʻali koa ke hoʻopau i kēia mau mea kanu.
Nā mea
He aha ke ʻano o ka ʻōpala palaoa: kiʻi
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i ka ʻōpala palaoa
inoa: ʻO nā ʻōpala palaoa (hina a maʻamau)
ʻŌlelo Lākni: Apamea sordensPapa: nā inike - Pepelu
pūʻulu: Lepidoptera - Lepidoptera
Kaʻohana: Puo - Noctuidae
 | Nā wahi noho: | a puni ka honua |
 | Pilikia no: | nā mea kanu mau |
 | Ke ano o ka luku: | kanaka, hoʻomākaukau kemika a olaola |
| ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona peʻapeʻa | ʻAhinahina peʻapeʻa. ʻO ka ʻēheu mai ka 3,2 knm a hiki i ka 4,2 knm He mau ʻēheu hina-ʻeleʻele kona me kahi laina longitudinal ʻeleʻele ma ke kumu. ʻO nā ʻēheu hope he ʻeleʻele hina. ʻO ke kino me nā kiko poepoe a me ke ʻano o ke ʻano puʻupaʻa. |
| He aha ke ʻano o nā hua? | He melemele māmā nā hua. I ka wā mua, loaʻa iā lākou kahi hue momi. He ʻano pālahalaha ko lākou me nā iwi ʻaoʻao radial 34-36. ʻO kahi micropylar rosette he 14 a 16 mau lau. He hua manu me ke anawaena o 0,48 a 0,52 mm. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe mai 0,35 a 0,37 mm. |
| Ke ano o ka enuhe | ʻAʻohe ʻāʻī o ka enuhe. ʻO ke kala ʻeleʻele-hina me ke poʻo ʻulaʻula. Ua uhi ʻia ka cuticle me ka lauoho. He oval na kapuai wawae wahahee me 11 makau. Ua kōkua ʻia ʻo ia e neʻe e 3 mau wāwae pectoral a me 5 mau wāwae wahaheʻe. Hiki i ka enuhe makua ke 3 knm. |
| Pupa | Pupa ʻulaʻula. ʻO nā ʻāpana mua ʻekolu o ka ʻōpū he mau peʻa transverse a me nā punctures sparse. |
Kūā
Noho ʻo Grain scoop ma nā ʻāina āpau o ka USSR mua. ʻIke ʻia ka hana hou ʻana ma Kazakhstan, Western Siberia, Trans-Urals. Noho ʻo ia i ka ʻāpana nahele-steppe. He wahi pepeke ka tundra.
ʻO ka hana hou ʻana i ka makahiki 1956 - 1960 ma ka ʻākau hikina o Kazakhstan, Western Siberia, nā Urals, a me ka ʻāina ʻo Volga. Aia a hiki i 1 enuhe no 300 mika square.
Mea ola
Puo palaoa.
Hoʻopilikia ʻia nā manawa haʻalele e nā kūlana o ka wā. I nā wela kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke ʻike ʻia i Iune, i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me nā ua - ʻaʻole ma mua o Iulai. ʻO ka pueo nā lele pō. Mālama ʻia ka hana ma ka manawa o 22:00-2:00. ʻO ka pō mahana a pōʻeleʻele ka manawa maikaʻi loa no ka mu.
I ka hiki ʻana mai o ka wanaʻao, pau ka ʻai ʻana a me ka lele ʻana. Ma nā mahana ma lalo o 15 degere e emi ana ka wela. Hiki i nā ʻēheu hoʻomohala ke lanakila i nā mamao lōʻihi. I ka lā e peʻe ai lākou i loko o nā lau, nā puʻupuʻu lepo, nā māwae.
Ka hana hou ʻana a me ka pōʻai ola
ʻAno ʻoki palaoa maʻamau ʻO ka waiho ʻana ma ka ʻaoʻao o waho o ka mea kanu - nā wāwae o nā spikelets, nā lau o ka palaoa a me ka rai.
Pueo hina paakiki anu loa. Ua ʻae maikaʻi i nā mahana haʻahaʻa. I ka mahana ma lalo o 10, paʻakikī ka ʻenuhe, akā ʻaʻole make. Ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, ola hou.
Hoʻopili ʻia ka momona o nā wahine e ka mahana a me ka haʻahaʻa. Hāʻawi ka maloʻo nui i ka emi ʻana o ka waiho hua manu. Ma kahi mahana o 18 degere Celsius i nā kūlana hoʻokolohua, ua ʻike ʻia he 95 mau hua o ka wahine. Ma 25 degere - 285 mau ʻāpana. Hoʻokahi paʻa mai 3 a 60 mau hua. Ma ka awelika - 25. Mālama ʻia nā hua e kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni o ka pua.
Hoʻopili nui ʻia ka wahi ʻāina o ka ʻāina. Ma nā ʻāina maloʻo loa, ʻike ʻia ka nui o nā poʻe pā. Ma ka ʻāina ʻākau, aia ma kahi o 1300 mau hua no ka wahine.
Hana ʻia ka waiho ʻana i ka pō no hoʻokahi mahina. Ma ke ʻano hina hina, ʻo nā kahua masonry he palaoa, rai, mauʻu palaoa, a i kekahi manawa ka bale. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka wahine ma ka pepeiao, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kona poʻo i lalo, hoʻokaʻawale i nā spikelets. Waiho ʻia nā hua ma loko o ka unahi pua a spikelet. Hoʻopili pū ʻia ʻo Masonry me ka neʻe ʻana o nā ʻēheu.
Eia kekahi, ʻimi nā enuhe i nā wahi kaʻawale no lākou iho ma ka pepeiao a hānai iā lākou iho. I loko o 5 - 7 mau lā, molt lākou. He ʻeleʻele lahilahi ka palaoa i pōʻino. Hoʻoulu ka ʻenuhe no ka wā lōʻihi. Hiki i ka molting 7 manawa. Hoʻoholo ʻia ka makahiki o ka enuhe e ka laulā o ke poʻo.
Hiki ke ala ala ke emi ka mahana o ka lepo ma lalo o 5 degere Celsius. ʻAi ʻia nā anuhe i hānai i ka hāʻule i ka pūnāwai no 10 a 15 mau lā. Hoʻomau ka poʻe nāwaliwali i ka ʻai ʻana a hiki i hoʻokahi mahina. Ma hope o kēia, hoʻomaka ka wā pupation.
ʻO kēia kaʻina hana he 20 a 30 mau lā. Hiki ke loaʻa ka chrysalis mua i ka hoʻomaka o Mei. ʻO ke kumu anuanu ke hoʻopaneʻe i ka lā palena a hiki i Iune 20. ʻO ka ʻohi ʻana i ka palaoa puna a me ka manawa o ka hoʻomoe ʻana i nā hua e kōkua i ka maʻi koʻikoʻi o nā mea kanu.
Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia makahiki kona ʻano ponoʻī. I ka lua o ka makahiki aia kahi hoʻololi i kahi hua ʻai ʻē aʻe. I ka hā o nā makahiki, ʻai lākou i ka palaoa ma waho. Mai ka makahiki ʻelima, ʻike ʻia ka hana i ka pō wale nō. ʻO ka huina, he 8 mau makahiki o ka enuhe.
Koʻikoʻi waiwai
ʻAi nā enuhe i ka palaoa, ka rai, ka bale, ka ʻoʻa, ka ʻai, ka ʻōpala kulina. E pōʻino nā mauʻu perennial - lauoho lauoho a me ka mauʻu palaoa. ʻAi lākou i ka wai kō i loko o nā spikelets.
Pehea e hana ai me ka palaoa scoop
He ʻenemi weliweli ka grain scoop e pili ana i nā mea kanu he nui a hiki ke hoʻonele i ka hua. Hiki iā ia ke ʻai i nā lāʻau palaoa. Nui nā ʻano o ka hakakā ʻana e pono ke hoʻohana ʻia.
Nā ʻano agrotechnical o ka hoʻomalu
I mea e pale aku ai i ke ʻano o nā pests, pono ʻoe:
- ʻohi i ka manawa kūpono;
- ihi a hana i ka palau mua;
- hana i nā mea kanu ma waena o nā lālani;
- koho i nā lā lūlū maikaʻi loa a me nā ʻano kūʻokoʻa o ka palaoa;
- e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka palaoa ma ka waiho ʻana.
Nā ʻano hana kemika a me ke olaola
ʻAno ala
ʻO kahi hopena maikaʻi loa e hōʻike ana i kahi decoction o wormwood. Ua ninini ʻia ka 1 kg i loko o kahi pahu me 3 lita o ka wai a hoʻolapalapa ʻia no 20 mau minuke. Hoʻopili ʻia nā mea kanu me ka hoʻonā. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i 4 kg o nā lau ʻōmato i 10 lita o ka wai. E hoʻolapalapa i 30 mau minuke. Kānana a me ka hana.
E hahai i ka loulou no 6 mau ʻanuʻu hana. hakaka pueo.
hopena
He mea nui ka mālama ʻana i nā mea kanu. Me ke kōkua o nā ʻano agrotechnical, hiki ke pale ʻia ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka armyworm. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻike ʻia nā pests, hoʻomaka koke lākou i ka hakakā ma kekahi o nā ala i luna.
ʻO mua