Ua loaʻa iā mākou 25 mea hoihoi e pili ana i ka hippos
ʻO kekahi o nā mammals weliweli loa a me ka huhū.
I ka nānā mua ʻana, ʻike ʻia ka hippos he holoholona palupalu a lohi. Ma waho aʻe o nā ʻelepani, ʻo ia wale nō ka nui o lākou, ʻo ia nā holoholona nui loa ma ʻApelika. He ikaika a wikiwiki hoʻi lākou, i hui pū ʻia me ko lākou nui e lilo lākou i kekahi o nā holoholona ʻApelika weliweli loa. ʻOiai lākou e hoʻolilo i ka hapa nui o ko lākou manawa i loko o ka wai a he mau kohola ko lākou ʻohana pili loa, he poʻe ʻauʻau maikaʻi lākou akā he mau kukini maikaʻi ma ka ʻāina. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ke māhuahua nei ka liʻiliʻi o kēia mau holoholona a ua helu ʻia nā ʻano ʻano ma ke ʻano he palupalu i ka pau ʻana.
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ʻO ka hippopotamus (Hippopotamus) he māmā māiʻuʻu mai ka ʻohana hippopotamus (Hippopotamidae).
Hōʻike ʻia ʻo Hippos e kahi ʻano kino nui, ʻili ʻili mānoanoa, ʻaneʻane nele o ka lauoho, a me kahi papa mānoanoa o nā ʻiʻo momona subcutaneous. Ke alakaʻi nei lākou i kahi ola amphibious a hiki ke noho i lalo o ka wai no ka manawa lōʻihi. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Hippos, a me nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe, i ke kauoha ʻo Artiodactyla, ʻo ia hoʻi: nā kāmelo, nā pipi, nā dia a me nā puaʻa. ʻOiai naʻe, ʻaʻole pili pili ka hippos i kēia mau holoholona.
ʻElua mau ʻano i loko o ka ʻohana hippopotamus i kēia lā: ʻo ka hippopotamus Nile a me ka hippopotamus pygmy (he ʻano ʻano liʻiliʻi loa i loaʻa i nā wao ua a me nā puʻu o ʻApelika Komohana).
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Ua manaʻo ka poʻe Helene kahiko he pili ka hippopotamus i ka lio (ʻo ia hoʻi ka lio).
A hiki i ka makahiki 1985, ua hui nā mea kūlohelohe i nā hippos me nā puaʻa home e pili ana i ke ʻano o ko lākou mau niho. ʻIke i loaʻa mai ke aʻo ʻana i nā protein koko, molecular phylogeny (nā ala o ka ulu ʻana o nā kūpuna, ke kumu a me nā hoʻololi evolutionary), DNA a me nā mōʻalihaku e hōʻike ana i ko lākou mau hoahānau ola kokoke loa he cetaceans - nā kohola, porpoises, dolphins, etc. General Ka kupuna o nā koholā a me nā hippos ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai nā artiodactyls ma kahi o 60 miliona mau makahiki i hala.
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Aia i loko o ka genus Hippopotamus kekahi mea ola i loaʻa ma ʻApelika.
ʻO kēia ka Nile hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius), nona ka inoa mai ka Helene kahiko a ʻo ia hoʻi, "lio muliwai" (ἱπποπόταμος).
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ʻO Hippos kekahi o nā mea momona nui loa.
Ma muli o kona nui, paʻakikī ke kaupaona ʻana ma ka nahelehele. Manaʻo nā manaʻo he 1500-1800 kg ke kaumaha o nā kāne makua. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne, ʻo ko lākou kaumaha he 1300-1500 kg. Hiki i nā kāne kahiko ke kaumaha ma mua o 3000 kg. Hiki i ka Hippos ke kaumaha o ke kino i ka hopena o ko lākou ola. Hiki i nā wāhine ke hiki i ko lākou kaumaha kino nui ma kahi o 25 mau makahiki.
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Hiki i ka Hippos ka awelika o 3,5-5 mau mika ka lōʻihi a me 1,5 mau mika ke kiʻekiʻe ma ka maloʻo.
Hiki i ke poʻo ke kaumaha a hiki i 225 kg. Hiki i kēia mau holoholona ke wehe i ko lākou waha i kahi ākea o kahi 1 mika, a hiki i ka lōʻihi o ko lākou mau niho i ka lōʻihi o 30 cm.
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Ke alakaʻi nei ʻo Hippos i kahi ola amphibious.
Noho pinepine lākou i loko o ka wai i ke ao a ʻeleu wale lākou i ke ahiahi a me ka pō. A laila, hele lākou i uka a nau i ka mauʻu ma ka nahele kokoke i ka wai (ʻai pū lākou i nā mea kanu wai). I ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, hiki iā lākou ke piʻi i 8 km i uka.
Ma ka ʻāina, ʻoiai ko lākou nui nui, hiki iā lākou ke holo wikiwiki ma mua o ke kanaka. Hiki ke piʻi ko lākou wikiwiki mai 30 a 40, a i kekahi manawa he 50 km / h, akā ma nā wahi pōkole wale nō, a hiki i nā haneli mau mika.
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He hiʻohiʻona ko lākou.
He ʻano barela ko lākou kino a ʻaʻohe lauoho. Aia wale nō nā bristles ma ka waha a me ka huelo. He pōkole nā wāwae, nui ke poʻo. Hoʻololi ʻia ko lākou iwi i ke kaumaha nui o ka holoholona, a ʻo ka wai e noho ai lākou e hoʻemi i ko lākou kaumaha ma muli o ke kau ʻana o ke kino. Aia nā maka, nā pepeiao a me nā puka ihu ma luna o ka hale o ka iwi po'o, no laila e hiki ai i kēia mau holoholona ke komo i loko o ka wai a me ka lepo o nā muliwai wela. Hoʻomaha nā holoholona ma lalo o ka wai, kahi e pale ai iā lākou mai ka lā.
Hōʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo Hippos me nā ʻōpala lōʻihi (e pili ana i 30 knm) a me nā manamana wāwae ʻehā i hoʻopili ʻia e kahi membrane pūnaewele.
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ʻO ko lākou ʻili, ma kahi o 4 kenimika ka mānoanoa, he 25% o ko lākou kaumaha kino.
Mālama ʻia ʻo ia mai ka lā e kahi mea huna, ʻo ia ka kānana lā maoli. ʻO kēia hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, ʻaʻole ia he koko a ʻaʻole hoʻi he hou, ʻaʻole waihoʻoluʻu, ma hope o kekahi mau minuke, lilo ia i ʻulaʻula-ʻalani a ʻeleʻele hoʻi. Aia i loko o ʻelua mau puaʻa (ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻalani) he pūhui kemika ʻakika ikaika, me ka puaʻa ʻulaʻula i loaʻa nā waiwai bacteriostatic a he lāʻau lāʻau paha. ʻO ka māmā māmā o nā puaʻa ʻelua he kiʻekiʻe loa i ka laulā ultraviolet, kahi e pale ai i ka hippos mai ka wela nui. Ma muli o ke kala o kā lākou mea huna, ʻōlelo ʻia ka hippos e "hoʻohu koko."
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Noho ʻo Hippos ma kahi o 40 mau makahiki ma ka nahelehele a hiki i ka 50 i ke pio ʻana.
ʻO ka hippopotamus kahiko loa i ʻike ʻia e noho pio ana ma Evansville Zoo ma Indiana ʻo ia ka hippopotamus "Donna", i noho ma laila no 56 mau makahiki. ʻO kekahi o nā hippos kahiko loa ma ka honua, ʻo Hipolis 55 makahiki, ua make i ka makahiki 2016 ma ka Chorzow Zoo. Ua noho ʻo ia me hoʻokahi hoa, ʻo Khaba, no 45 mau makahiki. He 14 mau mamo a laua. Ua make ʻo Khamba i ka makahiki 2011.
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Ma waho aʻe o ka ʻai ʻana, hoʻopau ka hippos i ko lākou ola a pau i ka wai.
Noho lākou a hiki i 16 mau hola o ka lā ma ke ʻano he ala e hoʻomaha ai. Noho nui lākou ma nā wahi noho wai maʻemaʻe, akā noho nui ka poʻe ma West Africa i nā estuaries a hiki ke loaʻa ma ke kai. ʻAʻole lākou ka poʻe ʻauʻau akamai loa - ʻauʻau lākou i ka wikiwiki o 8 km / h. ʻAʻole hiki i nā mākua ke ʻau i ka wai, akā kū wale i ka wai pāpaʻu. Hiki i nā ʻōpio ke lana ma luna o ka ʻili o ka wai a ʻauʻau pinepine, e hoʻoneʻe i ko lākou mau lālā hope. Hele lākou i ka ʻili e hanu i kēlā me kēia 4-6 mau minuke. Hiki i nā ʻōpio ke pani i ko lākou mau puka ihu ke hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka wai. Hiki ke kaʻina o ka piʻi a me ka hanu ʻana, a ʻo ka hippopotamus e hiamoe ana ma lalo o ka wai e puka mai me ka ala ʻole.
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Hānau ʻo Hippos i ka wai a hānau ʻia i loko o ka wai.
Hiki i nā wahine ke oʻo i ka moekolohe ma 5-6 mau makahiki, a me nā kāne i 7,5 mau makahiki. Hoʻopili kekahi mau kāne i ka wai. He 8 mahina ka hapai ana. ʻO Hippos kekahi o nā mea momona liʻiliʻi i hānau ʻia ma lalo o ka wai. Hānau ʻia nā keiki me ke kaumaha o 25 a 45 kg a ʻo ka awelika o ka lōʻihi ma kahi o 127 knm. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, hoʻokahi keiki bipi wale nō i hānau ʻia, ʻoiai ua hānau ʻia nā māhoe. ʻO ka hānai ʻana i nā holoholona ʻōpiopio me ka waiu makuahine e hana pū ʻia i loko o ka wai, a ma hope o ka makahiki hoʻokahi.
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Loaʻa iā lākou ka ʻai ma ka ʻāina.
Hoʻohana lākou i ʻehā a ʻelima mau hola i ka lā e ʻai ai a hiki ke ʻai i ka 68 kg o ka meaʻai i ka manawa. ʻAi nui lākou i nā mauʻu, i ka liʻiliʻi loa i nā mea kanu wai, a me ka nele o ka meaʻai i makemake ʻia, ma nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. Aia kekahi mau hihia i ʻike ʻia e pili ana i ka scavenger behavior, carnivorous behavior, predation a me ka cannibalism, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i hoʻololi ʻia ka ʻōpū o ka hippopotamuses e ʻeli i ka ʻai ʻiʻo. He ʻano kūlohelohe kēia, ma muli paha o ka nele i ka meaʻai kūpono.
'Ōlelo nā mea kākau o ka puke pai ʻo Mammal Review he mea maʻamau ka predation no ka hippopotamus. I ko lākou manaʻo, ʻike ʻia kēia pūʻulu o nā holoholona e ka ʻai ʻai, no ka mea, ʻo kā lākou ʻohana pili loa, nā kohola, he carnivores.
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He ʻāina ʻāina wale nō ka Hippos i ka wai.
He mea paʻakikī ke aʻo ʻana i ka pilina o nā hippopotamu no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou i ʻike i ka dimorphism - ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā kāne a me nā wahine. ʻOiai lākou e pili kokoke ana kekahi i kekahi, ʻaʻole lākou e hana i nā pilina pili. I loko o ka wai, pale nā kāne nui i kekahi ʻāpana o ka muliwai, ma kahi o 250 mika ka lōʻihi, a me 10 mau wahine. ʻO ka nui o ia mau helu kaiāulu ma kahi o 100 mau kānaka. Hoʻoholo ʻia kēia mau ʻāina e nā kānāwai o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana. Aia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ke kāne ma ka ʻohana - ua hui pū ʻia lākou e ka wahine. I ka hānai ʻana, ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻike i ke ʻano o ka teritori.
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Haule loa ʻo Hippos.
ʻO nā leo a lākou e hoʻomanaʻo nei i ka ʻuā puaʻa, ʻoiai hiki iā lākou ke uwē nui. Hiki ke lohe ʻia ko lākou leo i ke ao, no ka mea, ʻaʻole ʻōlelo lākou i ka pō.
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Noho ʻo Nile hippos i kahi ʻano symbiosis me kekahi mau manu.
Hāʻawi lākou i nā herons gula e noho ma ko lākou kua a ʻai i nā palaka a me nā ʻōpala e hōʻeha iā lākou mai ko lākou ʻili.
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ʻIke ʻia ʻo Hippos he holoholona ʻino loa.
Hōʻike lākou i ka huhū i nā koʻokoʻo e noho ana i loko o nā kino wai hoʻokahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hippos ʻōpio kokoke.
Aia kekahi mau hoʻouka kaua ma luna o nā kānaka, ʻoiai ʻaʻohe helu helu hilinaʻi e pili ana i kēia mea. Ua manaʻo ʻia aia ma kahi o 500 poʻe i make i nā hakakā ma waena o nā kānaka a me nā hippos i kēlā me kēia makahiki, akā hāʻawi ʻia kēia ʻike ma ka waha o kēlā me kēia kauhale, me ka hōʻoia ʻole i ke ʻano o ka make maoli ʻana o ke kanaka.
ʻAʻole pepehi ka Hippos kekahi i kekahi. Ke kū ka hakakā ma waena o nā kāne, hoʻopau ka hakakā ʻana e ka mea nāna i ʻae ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka ʻenemi.
Hiki nō hoʻi i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o nā kāne e pepehi i nā keiki, a i ʻole ka wahine e pepehi i ke kāne, e pale ana i nā ʻōpio - hiki wale kēia i nā pilikia pilikia, inā he liʻiliʻi ka meaʻai a hoʻemi ʻia ka wahi i noho ʻia e nā holoholona.
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No ka mākaʻikaʻi ʻana i ko lākou ʻāina i ka wai, ʻano ʻano ʻē ka hippos.
I ka wā defection, hoʻoluliluli ikaika lākou i ko lākou huelo no ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka ʻili a hiki i ka hiki ke mimi i hope.
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Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Hippos e nā mea kākau moʻolelo mai ka wā kahiko.
ʻO nā kiʻi mua o kēia mau holoholona he kiʻi pōhaku (nā kālai) ma nā mauna o ke kikowaena o Sahara. Hōʻike kekahi o lākou i ka manawa o ka poʻe e ʻimi nei i ka hippopotamus.
Ma ʻAigupita, ua manaʻo ʻia kēia mau holoholona i mea pōʻino i ke kanaka a ʻike lākou i ka mālama ʻana o ka hippos wahine i kā lākou mau keiki. Mai ia manawa mai, ua hōʻike ʻia ke akua wahine ʻo Toeris, ka mea pale o ka hāpai ʻana a me ka wā hānau hānau, he wahine me ke poʻo o ka hippopotamus.
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He uuku a emi mai keia mau holoholona ma ka honua nei.
I ka makahiki 2006, ua helu ʻia ka hippos ma ke ʻano he mea palupalu i ka pau ʻana ma ka Red List of Threatened Species i hana ʻia e ka International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), me ko lākou heluna kanaka ma kahi o 125 mau kānaka. nā maka.
ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli nui i ka hippos ʻo ka ʻoki ʻana iā lākou mai nā kino wai hou.
Pepehi nō hoʻi nā kānaka i kēia mau holoholona no kā lākou ʻiʻo, momona, ʻili a me nā niho luna.
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I kēia manawa, noho wale ʻo Nile hippos ma waena a me ʻApelika hema.
Hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou ma nā oases, nā loko a me nā muliwai o Sudan, Somalia, Kenya a me Uganda, a me Ghana, Gambia, Botswana, South Africa, Zambia a me Zimbabwe.
I ka wā hau hope loa, ua noho pū ka hippos ma ʻApelika ʻĀkau a ma ʻEulopa, no ka mea, ua hoʻololi ʻia lākou i ke ola i ke anuanu, ʻoiai lākou i loaʻa nā waihona hau ʻole i kā lākou hoʻolilo. Akā naʻe, ua hoʻopau ʻia lākou e ke kanaka.
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Mahalo i ka haku lāʻau lapaʻau ʻo Pablo Escobar, loaʻa pū kekahi hippos ma Colombia.
Ua lawe ʻia nā holoholona i ka zoo ponoʻī o Escobar ma ka hānai holoholona ʻo Hacienda Napoles i ka makahiki 80. ʻO ka puaʻa mua he ʻekolu wahine a hoʻokahi kāne. Ma hope o ka make ʻana o Escobar i ka makahiki 1993, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā holoholona exotic mai kēia zoo pilikino i kahi ʻē aʻe, akā ua mau ka hippos. He mea paʻakikī ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaʻa no kēia mau holoholona nui, a mai ia manawa ua ola lākou me ka hoʻopilikia ʻole i kekahi.
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ʻO "Cocaine hippos" (ua kapa ʻia lākou ma muli o ka hopena o ka ʻoihana o kā lākou mea nona) ua hoʻolaha mua i 100 km mai ko lākou wahi i noho ai.
I kēia mau lā, ʻoi aku ka nui o lākou ma ke kahawai ʻo Magdalena River, a ua maʻa nā kamaʻāina o Medellin a me nā wahi e pili ana i ko lākou kokoke - ua lilo lākou i wahi mākaʻikaʻi kūloko.
ʻAʻole manaʻo nā luna i ka pilikia o ka hippos i kēia manawa, akā i ka wā e hiki mai ana, i ka wā e piʻi ai ko lākou heluna kanaka i 400-500 mau holoholona, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola o nā holoholona ʻē aʻe e hānai ana i nā wahi like.
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Manaʻo nā kānaka ʻepekema aia i kēia manawa ma kahi o 80 hippos e noho ana ma ia wahi.
Mai ka makahiki 2012, ua aneane pālua ka heluna kanaka.
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ʻO ka noho ʻole ʻana o kēia mau holoholona nunui hiki ke hoʻopilikia nui i ka kaiaola kūloko.
Wahi a ka noiʻi, hoʻololi ka hippopotamus excrement (defecation i loko o ka wai) i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka oxygen i loko o nā kino wai, hiki ke hoʻopilikia maikaʻi ʻole i nā meaola e noho ana ma laila, akā i nā kānaka pū kekahi.
Hoʻopau nā holoholona i nā mea kanu a hiki ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa - ua hōʻeha nui ʻia kahi kanaka 45 makahiki ma hope o ka hoʻouka ʻia ʻana e kahi 'cocaine hippo'.
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Ua noʻonoʻo ʻia ka hiki ke luku i nā hippos o Escobar, akā kūʻē ka manaʻo o ka lehulehu.
Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei ʻo Enrique Cerda Ordonez, he loea olaola ma National University of Colombia, ʻo ka hoʻolei ʻana i kēia mau holoholona ka hopena kūpono i ka pilikia, ʻoiai ma muli o ko lākou nui he mea paʻakikī loa ia.
